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The Friedel–Crafts reactions are a set of reactions developed by Charles Friedel and James Crafts in 1877 to attach substituents to an aromatic ring. [1] Friedel–Crafts reactions are of two main types: alkylation reactions and acylation reactions. Both proceed by electrophilic aromatic substitution. [2] [3] [4] [5]
James Crafts, the son of Royal Altamont Crafts and Marianne Mason (daughter of Senator Jeremiah Mason), [3] [4] was born in Boston, Massachusetts and graduated from Harvard University in 1858. Although he never received his Ph.D. , he studied chemistry in Germany at the Academy of Mines (1859) of Freiberg , and served as an assistant to Robert ...
Freund reaction; Friedel–Crafts acylation; Friedel–Crafts alkylation; Friedländer synthesis; Fries rearrangement; Fritsch–Buttenberg–Wiechell rearrangement; Fujimoto–Belleau reaction; Fujiwara–Moritani reaction; Fukuyama coupling; Fukuyama indole synthesis; Fukuyama reduction
The reaction is a type of Friedel-Crafts acylation with hydrogen chloride and a Lewis acid catalyst. The synthesis of 2,4,6-Trihydroxyacetophenone (THAP) from phloroglucinol is representative: [1] If two-equivalents are added, 2,4-Diacetylphloroglucinol is the product. Hoesch reaction example, 1-(2,4,6-trihydroxyphenyl)ethanone from phloroglucinol
A native of Strasbourg, France, he was a student of Louis Pasteur at the Sorbonne.In 1876, he became a professor of chemistry and mineralogy at the Sorbonne.. Friedel developed the Friedel-Crafts alkylation and acylation reactions with James Crafts in 1877, [2] [3] and attempted to make synthetic diamonds.
Two common modes of Lewis acid catalysis in reactions with polar mechanisms. In reactions with polar mechanisms, Lewis acid catalysis often involves binding of the catalyst to Lewis basic heteroatoms and withdrawing electron density, which in turn facilitates heterolytic bond cleavage (in the case of Friedel-Crafts reaction) or directly activates the substrate toward nucleophilic attack (in ...
Friedel–Crafts reaction, a type of organic reaction developed by Charles Friedel and James Crafts in 1877. Friedel's law, named after Georges Friedel, the crystallographer, is a property of Fourier transforms of real functions.
2-Acetylfuran was prepared by Ashina in 1914 via the reaction of the methyl Grignard reagent on 2-furonitrile. [3] Modern industrial synthesis generally involves the Friedel–Crafts acylation of furan with acetic anhydride.