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Phenolphthalein is slightly soluble in water and usually is dissolved in alcohols in experiments. It is a weak acid, which can lose H + ions in solution. The nonionized phenolphthalein molecule is colorless and the double deprotonated phenolphthalein ion is fuchsia. Further proton loss in higher pH occurs slowly and leads to a colorless form.
Upon reduction, the very intense pink color of the cationic form of phenolphthalein fades to a faint yellow color. It is this form of phenolphthalein that is present in Kastle–Meyer test kits. In order to generate the intense pink color indicative of a positive test, the reduced phenolphthalein must be oxidized back to its normal, colored form.
Phenolphthalein can be synthesized by the condensation of phthalic anhydride with two equivalents of phenol under acidic conditions (hence the name). It was discovered in 1871 by Adolf von Baeyer . [ 8 ] [ 9 ] [ 10 ]
Animation of a strong acid–strong base neutralization titration (using phenolphthalein). The equivalence point is marked in red. In chemistry, neutralization or neutralisation (see spelling differences) is a chemical reaction in which acid and a base react with an equivalent quantity of each other. In a reaction in water, neutralization ...
Here, the best non-alcoholic drinks to try this year whether you’re avoiding alcohol altogether, D.D.-ing or just sober-curious. 15 Best Non-Alcoholic Drinks to Try in 2024
Here, the best non-alcoholic drinks to try in 2022, whether you’re avoiding alcohol altogether, D.D.-ing or just sober-curious. What are non-alcoholic drinks, exactly?
Key to the method is the use of phenolphthalein indicator, ... oil, or lipid into soap and alcohol; ... a non-profit organization.
But when omitting alcohol from a drink you need to consider a range of factors: alcohol adds body and richness to drinks, it balances sweet flavors, and its astringency adds texture.