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In phonetics, a nasal, also called a nasal occlusive or nasal stop in contrast with an oral stop or nasalized consonant, is an occlusive consonant produced with a lowered velum, allowing air to escape freely through the nose. The vast majority of consonants are oral consonants.
V. Velopharyngeal consonant; Voiced bilabial nasal; Voiced dental, alveolar and postalveolar nasals; Voiced labial–velar nasal; Voiced labiodental nasal
It is a nasal consonant, which means air is allowed to escape through the nose, either exclusively (nasal stops) or in addition to through the mouth. It is a central consonant, which means it is produced by directing the airstream along the center of the tongue, rather than to the sides.
palatal nasal click [ᵑǂ] or uvular: [𐞥ǂ], [𐞒ǂ], [ᶰǂ] Glottalized clicks. velar (uvular clicks not shown): glottalized bilabial nasal click [ᵑ̊ʘˀ] glottalized dental nasal click [ᵑ̊ǀˀ] glottalized alveolar nasal click [ᵑ̊ǃˀ] glottalized alveolar lateral nasal click [ᵑ̊ǁˀ] glottalized retroflex nasal click [ᵑ̊ ...
For instance, the [æ] of the word hand is affected by the following nasal consonant. In most languages, vowels adjacent to nasal consonants are produced partially or fully with a lowered velum in a natural process of assimilation and are therefore technically nasal, but few speakers would notice.
Other languages, such as the Khoisan languages of Khoekhoe and Gǀui, as well as several of the !Kung languages, include nasal click consonants. Nasal clicks are typically with a nasal or superscript nasal preceding the consonant (for example, velar-dental ŋ͡ǀ or ᵑǀ and uvular-dental ɴ͡ǀ or ᶰǀ ). [12]
Nasal clicks are click consonants pronounced with nasal airflow.All click types (alveolar ǃ, dental ǀ, lateral ǁ, palatal ǂ, retroflex ‼, and labial ʘ) have nasal variants, and these are attested in four or five phonations: voiced, voiceless, aspirated, murmured (breathy voiced), and—in the analysis of Miller (2011)—glottalized.
It is a nasal consonant, which means air is allowed to escape through the nose, either exclusively (nasal stops) or in addition to through the mouth. It is a central consonant, which means it is produced by directing the airstream along the center of the tongue, rather than to the sides.