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Decimal degrees (DD) is a notation for expressing latitude and longitude geographic coordinates as decimal fractions of a degree. DD are used in many geographic information systems (GIS), web mapping applications such as OpenStreetMap , and GPS devices.
Informally, specifying a geographic location usually means giving the location's latitude and longitude. The numerical values for latitude and longitude can occur in a number of different units or formats: [2] sexagesimal degree: degrees, minutes, and seconds : 40° 26′ 46″ N 79° 58′ 56″ W; degrees and decimal minutes: 40° 26.767′ N ...
Example: You want coordinates, in decimal degrees format, for Yosemite National Park, California, U.S. The size of the object is roughly 70 km; GNIS query gives the Park's location, in decimal degrees, as: 37.8483188 (north latitude), −119.5571434 (west longitude) To solve: Choose the Decimal degrees format table
The latitude and longitude are separated by a tilde ( ~ ). The latitude is displayed first, and both coordinates are displayed in decimal degrees format. (in degrees only). Alternatively, any of the locations in My Places can be exported either as a KML file or GPX file, both of which embed the coordinates.
Coordinate values (latitude, longitude, and altitude) should be delimited by spaces. The decimal point is a part of the value, thus must usually be configured by the operating system. [a] Multiple locations should be represented by multiple lines. Latitude and longitude should be displayed by sexagesimal fractions (i.e. minutes and seconds).
View from the Swabian Jura to the Alps. Geographical distance or geodetic distance is the distance measured along the surface of the Earth, or the shortest arch length.. The formulae in this article calculate distances between points which are defined by geographical coordinates in terms of latitude and longitude.
Geodetic latitude and geocentric latitude have different definitions. Geodetic latitude is defined as the angle between the equatorial plane and the surface normal at a point on the ellipsoid, whereas geocentric latitude is defined as the angle between the equatorial plane and a radial line connecting the centre of the ellipsoid to a point on the surface (see figure).
The reverse conversion is harder: given X-Y-Z can immediately get longitude, but no closed formula for latitude and height exists. See "Geodetic system." Using Bowring's formula in 1976 Survey Review the first iteration gives latitude correct within 10-11 degree as long as the point is within 10,000 meters above or 5,000 meters below the ellipsoid.