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The Schengen Area (English: / ˈ ʃ ɛ ŋ ən / SHENG-ən, Luxembourgish: [ˈʃæŋən] ⓘ) is an area encompassing 29 European countries that have officially abolished border controls at their mutual borders.
The Schengen Agreement (English: / ˈ ʃ ɛ ŋ ə n / SHENG-ən, Luxembourgish: [ˈʃæŋən] ⓘ) is a treaty which led to the creation of Europe's Schengen Area, in which internal border checks have largely been abolished.
Schengen visas are valid for any country in the Schengen Area unless marked otherwise. [53] Cyprus also accepts double and multiple-entry Schengen visas, for stays of up to 90 days in a 180-day period, except for nationals of Turkey and Azerbaijan. [15] However, visas issued by Cyprus are not valid for travel to the Schengen Area. [56]
Although the Schengen agreements guarantee free travel, several members including Germany and the Netherlands have recently increased controls to stem illegal immigration.
The two eastern European nations made a breakthrough in their bid to join the Area in late 2023
The Schengen acquis is a set of rules and legislation, integrated into European Union law, which regulate the abolition of border controls at the internal borders within the Schengen Area, as well as the strengthening of border controls at the external borders.
ETIAS is required for entry by land, air and sea to 30 European countries, including the 29 member states of the Schengen Area, as well as Cyprus. Ireland, which is part of the Common Travel Area, is the only member state of the European Union that continues to have its own visa policy and does not plan to join the Schengen Area or to require ETIAS.
The first real cooperation was the signing of the Schengen Implementing Convention in 1990 which opened up the EU's internal borders and established the Schengen Area. In parallel the Dublin Regulation furthered police cooperation.
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