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The first was the VM Motori L630, the North American variant of the A 630 DOHC 3.0L engine, which was used in the Ram 1500 and the Jeep Grand Cherokee. The other was a 3.0L inline-4 Iveco diesel engine used in the Ram ProMaster, the North American version of the Fiat Ducato. [1] [2] [3] The ProMaster with the Iveco/EcoDiesel was available from ...
The Urban Dynamometer Driving Schedule is a mandated dynamometer test on tailpipe emissions of a car that represents city driving conditions. It is defined in 40 CFR 86.I. [2] [3] It is also known as FTP-72 or LA-4, and it is also used in Sweden as the A10 or CVS (Constant Volume Sampler) cycle and in Australia as the ADR 27 (Australian Design ...
The Sterling Bullet is a medium-duty vocational truck that was marketed by Sterling Trucks from 2007 to 2009. [1] It is a rebadged Dodge Ram, specifically the 3500/4500/5500 Chassis Cab variant, with the most visible difference being the unique grille compared to the Ram.
UK researchers at Loughborough University and the University of Sussex concluded that waste heat from light-duty vehicle engines in a steam power cycle could deliver fuel economy advantages of 6.3% – 31.7%, depending upon drive cycle, and that high efficiencies can be achieved at practical operating pressures. [1]
The WLTP is divided into 4 different sub-parts, each one with a different maximum speed: Low, up to 56.5 km/h; Medium, up to 76.6 km/h; High, up to 97.4 km/h; Extra-high, up to 131.3 km/h. These driving phases simulate urban, suburban, rural and highway scenarios respectively, with an equal division between urban and non-urban paths (52% and 48 ...
BMW recalled certain 2023-2024 X1, X5, X6, X7, XM, 530i, i5, 740i, 760i, i7, and 750e vehicles.. The NHTSA report said that the integrated brake system may malfunction and result in a loss of ...
Ram 5500 tow truck. The Ram Heavy Duty is available in three different configurations: a two-door regular cab with a long bed, a four-door crew cab with either a standard bed or a long bed, or a four-door Mega Cab (a crew cab extended by 11.1 in (280 mm) allowing the rear seats to recline or offering more in-cab storage [2]) with a standard bed.
The "Drive-cycle" basically is the representative of the road. Drive cycles are used to reduce the expense of on road tests, time of test and fatigue of the test engineer. The whole idea is to bring the road to the test lab (a chassis dynamo-meter) or to the computer simulation. Two kinds of drive cycle can be made.