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The Northstar engine is a family of high-performance 90° V engines produced by General Motors between 1993 and 2011. Regarded as GM's most technically complex engine, the original double overhead cam, four valve per cylinder, aluminum block/aluminum head V8 design was developed by Oldsmobile R&D, [citation needed] but is most associated with Cadillac's Northstar series.
Also notable was the Northstar, which debuted in 1992 as a 4.6 litre, and was also produced in 4.4 L and 4.2 L versions. When the Northstar engine series ended production in 2010, it became the last General Motors division to retain its own proprietary V8 design.
Engine choices included the 2.8-liter LP1 V-6, 3.6 LY7 V-6 and the 4.6-liter Northstar V-8 as in the STS V-8 [16] from 2007 to 2009. The 3.6 liter LLT engine was available from 2010 to 2011 until it was replaced by the 2.0 liter LDK and the 3.0 liter LF1 V6 for 2011 to 2013 models.
For this inline-4 engine, 1-3-4-2 could be a valid firing order. The firing order of an internal combustion engine is the sequence of ignition for the cylinders. In a spark ignition (e.g. gasoline/petrol) engine, the firing order corresponds to the order in which the spark plugs are operated. In a diesel engine, the firing order corresponds to ...
It has a 10.3:1 compression ratio. Its fuel economy is 4–6 km/L (11–17 mpg ‑imp; 9.4–14.1 mpg ‑US) in city, and 7–9 km/L (20–25 mpg ‑imp; 16–21 mpg ‑US) on highway. [citation needed]. Holden also produced the 3.2L engines that were used by Alfa Romeo as the basis of its JTS V6 engine. Applications:
The Lucerne replaced the full-size LeSabre and the Park Avenue in the Buick range, and used a revised G platform, nonetheless referred to by GM as the H platform. [1]The Lucerne was introduced with the standard 3.8 liter Buick V6 (also known as the GM 3800 engine) or optional 4.6 liter Cadillac Northstar LD8 V8 as well as optional active suspension, marketed as Magnetic Ride Control.
Cadillac 4.1 L engine. A new lighter V8 engine was rushed into production for 1982, the HT-4100 (option code LT8).It was a 4100 cc V8, designed for rear-wheel drive and longitudinal front-wheel drive applications sharing the same "Metric" transmission bellhousing pattern as Buick, Oldsmobile, and Pontiac rear- and front-wheel drivetrains for 2.5 L four-cylinder and 2.8, 3.1, and 3.3 L V6.
The oil pan dipstick is located on the passenger side above the oil pan rail; this design was phased in on both the 90° V6 and Small Block Chevrolet assembly lines (for engines manufactured after 1979) sharing the same casting dies. All the engines use a 1-6-5-4-3-2 firing order. [2]