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The pre-existence of Christ asserts the existence of Christ prior to his incarnation as Jesus.One of the relevant Bible passages is John 1 (John 1:1–18) where, in the Trinitarian interpretation, Christ is identified with a pre-existent divine hypostasis (substantive reality) called the Logos (Koine Greek for "word").
Later the Western calendar would be divided into Before Christ (BC) (meaning before Jesus was born) and Anno Domini (AD). Christianity began as a sect within Judaism in the mid-1st century arising out of the life and teachings of Jesus of Nazareth.
Before 1945, about a third of the people in the world were Christians (with about half of those Roman Catholic), and about 80% of all Christians lived in Europe, Russia, and the Americas. [638] After the collapse of communism in Eastern Europe and Russia, Christianity grew and expanded there. At the same time, it spread in Africa and Asia.
During this period serious theological differences emerged between the Sadducees and Pharisees. Whereas Sadducees favored a limited interpretation of the Torah, Pharisees debated new applications of the law and devised ways for all Jews to incorporate purity practices (hitherto limited to the Jerusalem Temple, see also Ministry of Jesus#Ritual cleanliness) in their everyday lives.
The paragraph, known as the Testimonium Flavianum, provides a brief summary of Jesus' life, but the original text has been altered by Christian interpolation. [36] The first Roman author to reference Jesus is Tacitus ( c. AD 56 – c. 120 ), who wrote that Christians "took their name from Christus who was executed in the reign of Tiberius by ...
Shortly after the death and resurrection of Jesus Christ (Nisan 14 or 15), the Jerusalem church was founded as the first Christian church with about 120 Jews and Jewish Proselytes , followed by the events of Pentecost (Sivan 6) Ananias and Sapphira incident, Pharisee Gamaliel's defense of the Apostles (Acts 5:34–39),
After the destruction of David's kingdom and lineage, this promise was reaffirmed by the prophets Isaiah, Jeremiah, and Ezekiel, who foresaw a future Davidic king who would establish and reign over an idealized kingdom. [26] In the Second Temple period, there was no consensus on who the messiah would be or what he would do. [27]
Christianity throughout the 2nd and 3rd centuries has generally been less studied than in the periods that came before and after it. This is reflected in that it is usually referred to in terms of the adjacent periods with names as such "post-apostolic" (after the period of 1st century formative Christianity) and "ante-Nicene" (before the First ...