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The Golgi apparatus (/ ˈ ɡ ɒ l dʒ i /), also known as the Golgi complex, Golgi body, or simply the Golgi, is an organelle found in most eukaryotic cells. [1] Part of the endomembrane system in the cytoplasm , it packages proteins into membrane-bound vesicles inside the cell before the vesicles are sent to their destination.
Several structures and phenomena in anatomy and physiology are named for him, including the Golgi apparatus, the Golgi tendon organ and the Golgi tendon reflex. [1] Golgi and the Spanish biologist Santiago Ramón y Cajal were jointly given the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1906 "in recognition of their work on the structure of the ...
Golgi apparatus and Golgi receptor – Camillo Golgi (1843–1926), Italian pathologist Graafian follicle – Regnier de Graaf (1641–1673), Dutch anatomist Gräfenberg spot (G-spot) – Ernst Gräfenberg (1881–1957), German-American gynecologist
Camillo Golgi (1843–1926), Italian physician and scientist after whom the following terms are named: Golgi apparatus (also called the Golgi body, Golgi complex, or dictyosome), an organelle in a eukaryotic cell; Golgi tendon organ, a proprioceptive sensory receptor organ; Golgi's method or Golgi stain, a nervous tissue staining technique
The Golgi apparatus is used by the cell for further protein modification. The section of the Golgi apparatus that receives the vesicles from the ER is known as the cis face, and is usually near the ER. The opposite end of the Golgi apparatus is called the trans face, this is where the modified compounds leave.
At the beginning of the stage, the spermatid is a more or less circular cell containing a nucleus, Golgi apparatus, centriole and mitochondria; by the end of the process, it has radically transformed into an elongated spermatozoon, complete with a head, midpiece, and tail.
After this initial trimming, the oligosaccharide is ready to move from the ER to the Golgi apparatus for more elaborate modifications. In the Golgi, further trimming and addition of sugar residues occur, particularly the removal of mannose and the addition of various sugars such as GlcNAc, galactose (Gal), and sialic acid (NANA).
The Golgi apparatus, which participates in glycosylation and transport of proteins and lipids in the secretory pathway, consists of a series of stacked cisternae (flattened membrane sacs). Interactions between the Golgi and microtubules are thought to be important for the reorganization of the Golgi after it fragments during mitosis. [ 6 ]