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Kahneman and Miller (1986) originally explored the exceptionality effect using two experimental scenarios: the hitchhiker scenario and the car accident scenario. In the hitchhiker scenario, participants evaluated two individuals: Mr. Jones, who rarely picks up hitchhikers but does so and gets robbed, and Mr. Smith, who regularly picks up hitchhikers and also gets robbed.
Ambiguity effect; Assembly bonus effect; Audience effect; Baader–Meinhof effect; Barnum effect; Bezold effect; Birthday-number effect; Boomerang effect; Bouba/kiki effect; Bystander effect; Cheerleader effect; Cinderella effect; Cocktail party effect; Contrast effect; Coolidge effect; Crespi effect; Cross-race effect; Curse of knowledge ...
A hitchhiker mutation (or passenger mutation in cancer biology) may itself be neutral, advantageous, or deleterious. [ 7 ] Recombination can interrupt the process of genetic hitchhiking, ending it before the hitchhiking neutral or deleterious allele becomes fixed or goes extinct. [ 6 ]
This process leads to an interaction called the Gratton effect, which is the finding of a lower interference effect after an incongruent trial compared to the effect after a congruent trial. On this first trial (trial n ) the incongruent stimulus presented will lead to an increase in conflict detected by the ACC.
In psychology, contextual cueing refers to a form of visual search facilitation which describe targets appearing in repeated configurations are detected more quickly. The contextual cueing effect is a learning phenomenon where repeated exposure to a specific arrangement of target and distractor items leads to progressively more efficient search.
The enactment effect, also called self-performed task effect (SPT effect) [1] is a term that was created in the early 80's to describe the fact that verb phrases are memorized better if a learner performs the described action during learning, compared to just getting the verbal information or seeing someone else perform the action. [2]
A person was arrested after attempting to climb a temporary fence near the White House this morning, according to a U.S. Secret Service spokesperson. The Secret Service said the person was ...
Spontaneous recovery is a phenomenon of learning and memory that was first named and described by Ivan Pavlov in his studies of classical (Pavlovian) conditioning.In that context, it refers to the re-emergence of a previously extinguished conditioned response after a delay. [1]