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The structure of sodium oxide has been determined by X-ray crystallography.Most alkali metal oxides M 2 O (M = Li, Na, K, Rb) crystallise in the antifluorite structure.In this motif the positions of the anions and cations are reversed relative to their positions in CaF 2, with sodium ions tetrahedrally coordinated to 4 oxide ions and oxide cubically coordinated to 8 sodium ions.
Sodium peroxide is an inorganic compound with the formula Na 2 O 2.This yellowish solid is the product of sodium ignited in excess oxygen. [3] It is a strong base. This metal peroxide exists in several hydrates and peroxyhydrates including Na 2 O 2 ·2H 2 O 2 ·4H 2 O, Na 2 O 2 ·2H 2 O, Na 2 O 2 ·2H 2 O 2, and Na 2 O 2 ·8H 2 O. [4] The octahydrate, which is simple to prepare, is white, in ...
Metallic sodium is generally less reactive than potassium and more reactive than lithium. [2] Sodium metal is highly reducing, with the standard reduction potential for the Na + /Na couple being −2.71 volts, [3] though potassium and lithium have even more negative potentials. [4]
2 (whose melting point is 1713 °C) in molten sodium carbonate (that melts with decomposition at 851 °C): [17] x Na 2 CO 3 + SiO 2 → (Na 2 O) x · SiO 2 + CO 2. The material can be obtained also from sodium sulfate (melting point 884 °C) with carbon as a reducing agent: 2x Na 2 SO 4 + C + 2 SiO 2 → 2 (Na 2 O) x · SiO 2 + 2 SO 2 + CO 2
NaO 2 is prepared by treating sodium peroxide with oxygen at high pressures: [2]. Na 2 O 2 + O 2 → 2 NaO 2. It can also be prepared by careful oxygenation of a solution of sodium in cryogenic liquid ammonia:
Unimolecular ion decomposition is the fragmentation of a gas phase ion in a reaction with a molecularity of one. [1] Ions with sufficient internal energy may fragment in a mass spectrometer, which in some cases may degrade the mass spectrometer performance, but in other cases, such as tandem mass spectrometry, the fragmentation can reveal information about the structure of the ion.
Thermal decomposition, or thermolysis, is a chemical decomposition of a substance caused by heat. The decomposition temperature of a substance is the temperature at which the substance chemically decomposes. The reaction is usually endothermic as heat is required to break chemical bonds in the compound undergoing
For many substances, the formation reaction may be considered as the sum of a number of simpler reactions, either real or fictitious. The enthalpy of reaction can then be analyzed by applying Hess' law, which states that the sum of the enthalpy changes for a number of individual reaction steps equals the enthalpy change of the overall reaction.