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  2. List of pre-Columbian inventions and innovations of ...

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_pre-Columbian...

    Mathematics – the Olmec and the Maya–who succeeded the Olmec–independently developed the concept of zero (independent of the ancient Hindus in India) in mathematics. The ancient Mexicans also developed complex arithmetic functions and operations such as additions, subtractions, divisions, and multiplications.

  3. History of mathematics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_mathematics

    These problems, spanning many areas of mathematics, formed a central focus for much of 20th-century mathematics. Today, 10 have been solved, 7 are partially solved, and 2 are still open. The remaining 4 are too loosely formulated to be stated as solved or not. [citation needed] A map illustrating the Four Color Theorem

  4. Primitive recursive arithmetic - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primitive_recursive_arithmetic

    Primitive recursive arithmetic (PRA) is a quantifier-free formalization of the natural numbers. It was first proposed by Norwegian mathematician Skolem (1923) , [ 1 ] as a formalization of his finitistic conception of the foundations of arithmetic , and it is widely agreed that all reasoning of PRA is finitistic.

  5. Outline of prehistoric technology - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Outline_of_prehistoric...

    Primitive Technology:A Book of Earth Skills. Wescott, David. (2001). Primitive Technology II: Ancestral Skill - From the Society of Primitive Technology. Wrangham, Richard. (2010). Catching Fire: How Cooking Made Us Human. Basic Books; First Trade Paper Edition. Zimmer, Carl. (2007). Smithsonian Intimate Guide to Human Origins. Harper Perennial.

  6. History of ancient numeral systems - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_ancient_numeral...

    In the Etruscan system, the symbol 1 was a single vertical mark, the symbol 10 was two perpendicularly crossed tally marks, and the symbol 100 was three crossed tally marks (similar in form to a modern asterisk *); while 5 (an inverted V shape) and 50 (an inverted V split by a single vertical mark) were perhaps derived from the lower halves of ...

  7. Principia Mathematica - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Principia_Mathematica

    Sections 10, 11, 12: Properties of a variable extended to all individuals: section 10 introduces the notion of "a property" of a "variable". PM gives the example: φ is a function that indicates "is a Greek", and ψ indicates "is a man", and χ indicates "is a mortal" these functions then apply to a variable x .

  8. Primitive Technology - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primitive_Technology

    Primitive Technology is a YouTube channel run by John Plant. Based in Far North Queensland, Australia, the series demonstrates the process of making tools and buildings using only materials found in the wild. Created in May 2015, the channel has gained over 10.8 million subscribers and over 1.12 billion views as of December 2023.

  9. Tree of primitive Pythagorean triples - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tree_of_primitive...

    A tree of primitive Pythagorean triples is a mathematical tree in which each node represents a primitive Pythagorean triple and each primitive Pythagorean triple is represented by exactly one node. In two of these trees, Berggren's tree and Price's tree, the root of the tree is the triple (3,4,5), and each node has exactly three children ...