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  2. Hypothalamic–pituitary–thyroid axis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypothalamic–pituitary...

    Thyrotropic feedback control on a more detailed and quantitative level. [3] Thyroid homeostasis results from a multi-loop feedback system that is found in virtually all higher vertebrates. Proper function of thyrotropic feedback control is indispensable for growth, differentiation, reproduction and intelligence.

  3. Thyroid-stimulating hormone - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thyroid-stimulating_hormone

    The concentration of thyroid hormones (T 3 and T 4) in the blood regulates the pituitary release of TSH; when T 3 and T 4 concentrations are low, the production of TSH is increased, and, conversely, when T 3 and T 4 concentrations are high, TSH production is decreased. This is an example of a negative feedback loop. [5]

  4. Endocrine system - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Endocrine_system

    At 20 weeks, the fetus is able to implement feedback mechanisms for the production of thyroid hormones. During fetal development, T 4 is the major thyroid hormone being produced while triiodothyronine (T 3 ) and its inactive derivative, reverse T 3 , are not detected until the third trimester.

  5. Thyroid hormone receptor - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thyroid_hormone_receptor

    In a healthy individual, the TR-β2 expressed in the pituitary gland plays a major role in regulating thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels through negative feedback. TSH stimulates the thyroid to secrete thyroid hormone. Once secreted, thyroid hormone acts on these receptors and inhibits transcription of Tshb. This feedback inhibition stops ...

  6. Hypothalamic–pituitary–gonadal axis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypothalamic–pituitary...

    Estrogen forms a negative feedback loop by inhibiting the production of GnRH in the hypothalamus. Inhibin acts to inhibit activin, which is a peripherally produced hormone that positively stimulates GnRH-producing cells. Follistatin, which is also produced in all body tissue, inhibits activin and gives the rest of the body more control over the ...

  7. Thyroid - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thyroid

    The thyroid, or thyroid gland, is an endocrine gland in vertebrates. In humans, it is a butterfly-shaped gland located in the neck below the Adam's apple. It consists of two connected lobes. The lower two thirds of the lobes are connected by a thin band of tissue called the isthmus (pl.: isthmi).

  8. Common thyroid drug levothyroxine linked to bone mass loss - AOL

    www.aol.com/lifestyle/common-thyroid-drug-levo...

    Previously, the authors had shown that the use of levothyroxine in people with higher thyroid hormone levels had a negative effect on leg mass in older adults, in a study whose results appeared in ...

  9. Graves' disease - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graves'_disease

    Thyroid-stimulating immunoglobulins recognize and bind to the TSH receptor, which stimulates the secretion of thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3). Thyroxine receptors in the pituitary gland are activated by the surplus hormone, suppressing additional release of TSH in a negative feedback loop.

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