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The Mines and Minerals (Regulation and Development) Act (1957) is an Act of the Parliament of India enacted to regulate the mining sector in India. It was amended in 2015 and 2016. This act forms the basic framework of mining regulation in India. [1] This act is applicable to all minerals except minor minerals and atomic minerals.
The Ministry of Mines is responsible for surveying and exploring for minerals (other than natural gas and petroleum) that are used in mining and metallurgy. It searches for non-ferrous metals including: aluminium , copper , zinc , lead , gold , nickel , etc. for administration of Mines and Minerals (Development and Regulation) Act, 1957 (MMDR ...
This lists of mines in India is subsidiary to the list of mines article, and future mines in the country and is organised by the primary mineral output. For practical purposes stone, marbles and other quarries may be included in this list. In India, the underground mine to surface mine ratio is 20:80 [citation needed].
The metallic minerals comprise ferrous and non-ferrous minerals, while the nonmetallic minerals comprise mineral fuels, precious stones, among others. [ 4 ] D.R. Khullar holds that mining in India depends on over 3,100 mines , out of which over 550 are fuel mines, over 560 are mines for metals, and over 1970 are mines for extraction of ...
Metal Largest producer Second largest producer Complete list Aluminium [6] China India List of countries by aluminium production: Bauxite [7] Australia Guinea List of countries by bauxite production
Environmental impact of mining these minerals was significant over a period of time even the area was small. Impacts were increasing water scarcity, damage to river beds and adverse effects on biodiversity. So from 2012 onwards, mining of these minerals are to be done after clearance from the Ministry of Environment and Forests. [108]
Sub-surface mining often progresses below the water table, so water must be constantly pumped out of the mine in order to prevent flooding. When a mine is abandoned, the pumping ceases, and water floods the mine. This introduction of water is the initial step in most acid rock drainage situations. Acid mine drainage in Portugal
Coal production of India. Coal in India has been mined since 1774, and India is the second largest producer and consumer of coal after China, mining 997 million metric tons (1,099 million short tons) in FY 2023-24.