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  2. Ecosystem - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ecosystem

    Although ecosystems are most commonly categorized by their structure and geography, there are also other ways to categorize and classify ecosystems such as by their level of human impact (see anthropogenic biome), or by their integration with social processes or technological processes or their novelty (e.g. novel ecosystem).

  3. Ecosystem model - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ecosystem_model

    A structural diagram of the open ocean plankton ecosystem model of Fasham, Ducklow & McKelvie (1990). [1]An ecosystem model is an abstract, usually mathematical, representation of an ecological system (ranging in scale from an individual population, to an ecological community, or even an entire biome), which is studied to better understand the real system.

  4. Ecological pyramid - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ecological_pyramid

    The pyramid of energy represents how much energy, initially from the sun, is retained or stored in the form of new biomass at each trophic level in an ecosystem. Typically, about 10% of the energy is transferred from one trophic level to the next, thus preventing a large number of trophic levels.

  5. Food web - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Food_web

    At different levels in the hierarchy of life, such as the stability of a food web, "the same overall structure is maintained in spite of an ongoing flow and change of components." [82]: 476 The farther a living system (e.g., ecosystem) sways from equilibrium, the greater its complexity. [82]

  6. Marine coastal ecosystem - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marine_coastal_ecosystem

    The diagram on the right shows the current state of modified and impacted coastal ecosystems and the expected state following the decade of restoration. [268] Also, shown is the uncertainty in the success of past restoration efforts, current state of altered systems, climate variability, and restoration actions that are available now or on the ...

  7. Biome - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biome

    Biome: a grouping of terrestrial ecosystems on a given continent that is similar in vegetation structure, physiognomy, features of the environment and characteristics of their animal communities. Formation: a major kind of community of plants on a given continent.

  8. Trophic level - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trophic_level

    Food webs largely define ecosystems, and the trophic levels define the position of organisms within the webs. But these trophic levels are not always simple integers, because organisms often feed at more than one trophic level. [14] [15] For example, some carnivores also eat plants, and some plants are carnivores. A large carnivore may eat both ...

  9. Ecosystem ecology - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ecosystem_ecology

    Ecosystem ecology is the integrated study of living and non-living components of ecosystems and their interactions within an ecosystem framework. This science examines how ecosystems work and relates this to their components such as chemicals , bedrock , soil , plants , and animals .