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Occipito-cervical junction This disorder may result from rheumatoid arthritis, causing the hypermobility of the connection between the neck and head, resulting in paralysis or pain. [ 6 ] Cerebrovascular disease Cerebrovascular disease is a type of cervical spine disorder that can cause tetraplegia .
Modern trauma care includes a step called clearing the cervical spine, ruling out spinal cord injury if the patient is fully conscious and not under the influence of drugs or alcohol, displays no neurological deficits, has no pain in the middle of the neck and no other painful injuries that could distract from neck pain. [35]
Finally, the use of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) allowed for even better depiction of the spine and soft tissue abnormalities in particular. Again, a novel acronym was proposed to classify patients without traumatic signs using radiographs, CT and MRI. The term spinal cord injury without neuroimaging abnormality (SCIWONA) was used.
Cervical spinal nerves C1, C2 and C3 help control the movements of the head and neck. Cervical spinal nerve C4 helps control upward shoulder movements. Cervical spinal nerve C3, C4 and C5 help power the diaphragm and aid in breathing. Cervical spinal nerve C6 helps in wrist extension and some functioning of biceps.
Conservative treatment of craniocervical instability includes physical therapy [10] [11] and the use of a cervical collar to keep the neck stable. Prolotherapy, including with stem cells, is a treatment option, but there is no scientific evidence supporting the success of this approach. [12] [verification needed]
Central cord syndrome (CCS) is the most common form of cervical spinal cord injury (SCI). It is characterized by loss of power and sensation in arms and hands. It usually results from trauma which causes damage to the neck, leading to major injury to the central corticospinal tract of the spinal cord. [1]
Magnetic resonance myelography (MR myelography or MRI myelography) is a noninvasive medical imaging technique that can provide anatomic information about the subarachnoid space. It is a type of MRI examination that uses a contrast medium and magnetic resonance imaging scanner to detect pathology of the spinal cord , including the location of a ...
Medical history (the patient tells the doctor about an injury). For shoulder problems the medical history includes the patient's age, dominant hand, if injury affects normal work/activities as well as details on the actual shoulder problem including acute versus chronic and the presence of shoulder catching, instability, locking, pain, paresthesias (burning sensation), stiffness, swelling, and ...
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