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Evidence exists linking elevated homocysteine levels with vascular dementia [10] and Alzheimer's disease. [11] [12] [13] There is also evidence that elevated homocysteine levels and low levels of vitamin B6 and B12 are risk factors for mild cognitive impairment and dementia. [14]
Vitamin B 12 levels can be falsely high or low and data for sensitivity and specificity vary widely. There is no gold standard human assay to confirm a vitamin B 12 deficiency. [4] Healthcare providers use this test when a vitamin B 12 deficiency is suspected, which can cause anemia and irreversible nerve damage. [3]
For this reason, elevated serum homocysteine over 15 micromol/L and methylmalonic acid (MMA) over 0.271 micromol/L are considered better indicators of B 12 deficiency, rather than relying only on the concentration of B 12 in blood. [2]
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Blood tests may show low levels of vitamin B 12, elevated levels of methylmalonic acid or homocysteine, and a routine complete blood counts may shows anemia with an elevated mean cell volume. [140] The presence of antibodies to gastric parietal cells and intrinsic factor may indicate pernicious anemia .
Rather, the question should be “Does B12 deficiency cause weight gain” as some evidence suggests low levels of B12 may be linked to weight gain and obesity.
A vitamin B12 level of less than 200 pg/mL is considered deficient. Treatment First, have your health care provider run blood tests to see if you truly have a B12 deficiency.
Homocysteine levels typically are higher in men than women, and increase with age. [15] [16] Common levels in Western populations are 10 to 12 μmol/L, and levels of 20 μmol/L are found in populations with low B-vitamin intakes or in the elderly (e.g., Rotterdam, Framingham). [17] [18]
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