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Neem oil, also known as margosa oil, is a vegetable oil pressed from the fruits and seeds of the neem (Azadirachta indica), a tree which is indigenous to the Indian subcontinent and has been introduced to many other areas in the tropics.
Research on botanical oils has found neem oil to be larvicidal. [citation needed] Larvicidal activity of neem oil (Azadirachta indica) formulation against mosquitoes. Median lethal concentration (LC50) of the formulation against Anopheles stephensi, Culex quinquefasciatus and Aedes aegypti was found to be 1.6, 1.8 and 1.7 ppm respectively.
Azadirachta indica, commonly known as neem, margosa, nimtree or Indian lilac, [3] is a tree in the mahogany family Meliaceae. It is one of the two species in the genus Azadirachta . It is native to the Indian subcontinent and to parts of Southeast Asia , but is naturalized and grown around the world in tropical and subtropical areas.
Azadirachtin, a chemical compound belonging to the limonoid group, is a secondary metabolite present in neem seeds. It is a highly oxidized tetranortriterpenoid which boasts a plethora of oxygen-bearing functional groups, including an enol ether , acetal, hemiacetal , tetra-substituted epoxide and a variety of carboxylic esters .
This molecule can also be found in neem oil at 0.12%. [3] Among the metabolites present in neem, nimbin is the least present chemical compound. [15] Nimbin biosynthesis is not influenced by environmental conditions [17] (temperature, rainfall, humidity…) because neem trees from the same agro-climatic zone can have very different nimbin ...
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"Detection of seed-borne Phomopsis azadirachtae and its transmission in Azadirachta indica (Neem)". Seed Science and Technology. 27: 753–759. Shankara Bhat, S; Sateesh, M.K.; Devaki, N.S. (1998). "A new destructive disease of neem trees incited by Phomopsis azadirachtae". Current Science. 74: 17–19.
The U.S. EPA found between 2019 to 2023 Louisiana ranked third in cross-contamination risks from tap water with over 2.7 million reports of public water service violations.
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