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These photosynthetic bacteria produce a neurotoxin called BMAA that is found in the seeds of cycads. This neurotoxin may enter a human food chain as the cycad seeds may be eaten directly as a source of flour by humans or by wild or feral animals such as bats, and humans may eat these animals.
In the fields of horticulture and botany, the term deciduous (/ d ɪ ˈ s ɪ dʒ u. ə s /) [1] [2] means "falling off at maturity" [3] and "tending to fall off", [4] in reference to trees and shrubs that seasonally shed leaves, usually in the autumn; to the shedding of petals, after flowering; and to the shedding of ripe fruit.
Temperate deciduous forests are characterized by a variety of temperate deciduous tree species that vary based on region. [6] Most tree species present in temperate deciduous forests are broadleaf trees that lose their leaves in the fall, [8] though some coniferous trees such as pines (Pinus) are present in northern temperate deciduous forests. [6]
An example of this would be Colletotrichum fioriniae, which is an endophyte of many temperate broadleaved trees and shrubs, but can also be a pathogen on many fruits and some leaves. [ 41 ] [ 42 ] Clavicipitaceous and non-clavicipitaceous
The Carolinian forest refers to a life zone in eastern North America characterized primarily by the predominance of deciduous (broad-leaf) forest. [1] The term "Carolinian", which is most commonly used in Canada, refers to the deciduous forests which span across much of the eastern United States from North Carolina northward into southern Ontario, Canada.
Co-existing tree and plant species will gain in the void left by the affected species, but often providing different functions. Eastern hemlock, for example, is commonly replaced by black birch in the northeast—a slow-growing, shade-tolerant and deep shade producing evergreen tree, replaced by a fast-growing, open, deciduous tree. While short ...
A tropical plant community on Diego Garcia Rangeland monitoring using Parker 3-step Method, Okanagan Washington 2002. Plant ecology is a subdiscipline of ecology that studies the distribution and abundance of plants, the effects of environmental factors upon the abundance of plants, and the interactions among plants and between plants and other organisms. [1]
Kudzu smothering trees in Atlanta, Georgia, US. Kudzu (/ ˈ k uː d z u, ˈ k ʊ d-, ˈ k ʌ d-/), also called Japanese arrowroot or Chinese arrowroot, [1] [2] is a group of climbing, coiling, and trailing deciduous perennial vines native to much of East Asia, Southeast Asia, and some Pacific islands. [2] It is invasive in many parts of the ...