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As in the mid-1930s the Spanish GDP was much smaller than the Italian, French or British ones, [304] and as in the Second Republic the annual defence and security budget was usually around $0,13bn (total annual governmental spendings were close to $0.65bn), [note 5] wartime military expenditures put huge strain on the Spanish economy. Financing ...
Francoist Spain (Spanish: España franquista), also known as the Francoist dictatorship (dictadura franquista), was the period of Spanish history between 1936 and 1975, when Francisco Franco ruled Spain after the Spanish Civil War with the title Caudillo.
The Myth of the Twentieth Century (1930) The Outlaws (1930) "The Doctrine of Fascism" (1932) ... Fascism in Spain, 1923-1977. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press.
After the rise of Adolf Hitler in Germany in 1933, fascism in Spain increased; until then, according to Italian historian Gabriele Ranzato, fascism was a niche current and did not take space in public life beyond the half-cooked writings of Ernesto Giménez Caballero and the unpopular Partido Nacionalista Español (Spanish Nationalist Party). [16]
While the Falange was not prepared for such a serious activity at the time, the document was well-publicised and convinced the Spanish Left that fascism was a serious threat in Spain. [20] The Falange also had its own intelligence service, the Servicio de Información del Movimiento [ 21 ] ("Information service of the movement").
Spain's financial situation was made far worse by the pegging of the peseta to the gold standard and by 1931 the peseta had lost nearly half its value. [30] The UGT was brought into the government to set up industrial arbitration boards, though this move was opposed by some in the group and was seen as opportunism by anarchist leaders. [ 31 ]
[10]: 21 [7]: 55 The generals' coup d'état failed, but the rebellious army, known as the Nationalists, controlled a large part of Spain; the Spanish Civil War had started. Franco, one of the coup's leaders, [18] and his Nationalist army won the Spanish Civil War in 1939. Franco ruled Spain for the next 36 years until his death in 1975. [18]
Spain shown on a map of German-occupied Europe, c.1942. Francisco Franco took power at the head of a coalition of fascist, monarchist, and conservative political factions in the Spanish Civil War (1936–1939) against the left-leaning Spanish government supported by communist and anarchist factions.