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Francoist Spain (Spanish: España franquista), also known as the Francoist dictatorship (dictadura franquista), was the period of Spanish history between 1936 and 1975, when Francisco Franco ruled Spain after the Spanish Civil War with the title Caudillo.
Franco adopted Fascist trappings, [203] [204] [205] ... Spain became the second-fastest growing economy in the world between 1959 and 1973, just behind Japan. By the ...
Spain was a proving ground for German tank and aircraft tactics, the latter being only moderately successful. [187] Germany trained 56,000 Nationalist soldiers, who were technically proficient and covered infantry, tanks and anti-tank units; air and anti-aircraft forces; and those trained in naval warfare. [ 181 ]
American pressure in 1944 for Spain to stop tungsten exports to Germany and to withdraw the Blue Division led to an oil embargo which forced Franco to yield. After the war, Spain was not allowed to join the newly created United Nations because of the wartime support for the Axis, and Spain was isolated by many other countries until the mid-1950s.
[10]: 21 [7]: 55 The generals' coup d'état failed, but the rebellious army, known as the Nationalists, controlled a large part of Spain; the Spanish Civil War had started. Franco, one of the coup's leaders, [18] and his Nationalist army won the Spanish Civil War in 1939. Franco ruled Spain for the next 36 years until his death in 1975. [18]
The first Francoism (1939-1959) was the first stage in the history of General Francisco Franco's dictatorship, between the end of the Spanish Civil War and the abandonment of the autarkic economic policy with the application of the Stabilization Plan of 1959, which gave way to the developmentalist Francoism or second Francoism, which lasted until the death of the Generalissimo.
The Spanish coup of July 1936 [nb 1] was a military uprising that was intended to overthrow the Spanish Second Republic but precipitated the Spanish Civil War; Nationalists fought against Republicans for control of Spain.
Falangism has a disputed relationship with fascism as some historians consider the Falange to be a fascist movement based on its fascist leanings during the early years, [2] while others focus on its transformation into an authoritarian conservative political movement in Francoist Spain. [1] [3]