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Hip dysplasia is an abnormality of the hip joint where the socket portion does not fully cover the ball portion, resulting in an increased risk for joint dislocation. [1] Hip dysplasia may occur at birth or develop in early life. [1] Regardless, it does not typically produce symptoms in babies less than a year old. [3]
The condition is most commonly found in children between the ages of 4 and 10. Common symptoms include pain in the hip, knee, or ankle (since hip pathology can cause pain to be felt in a normal knee or ankle), or in the groin; this pain is exacerbated by hip or leg movement, especially internal hip rotation (with the knee flexed 90°, twisting the lower leg away from the center of the body).
Hip dysplasia may occur at birth or develop in early life. [4] Regardless, it does not typically produce symptoms in babies less than a year old. [5] Occasionally one leg may be shorter than the other. [4] The left hip is more often affected than the right. [5] Complications without treatment can include arthritis, limping, and low back pain. [5]
Both microphthalmus and retinal dysplasia can cause blindness. However, the most common symptom in infants is an inflammatory response that develops during the first three weeks of life. [61] Hyperthermia causes anencephaly, which is when part of the brain and skull are absent in the infant.
Multiple epiphyseal dysplasia (MED), also known as Fairbank's disease, is a rare genetic disorder (dominant form: 1 in 10,000 births) that affects the growing ends of bones. Long bones normally elongate by expansion of cartilage in the growth plate (epiphyseal plate) near their ends.
Even with treatments such as enzyme replacement therapy and stem cell transplantation, people with skeletal dysplasia often require orthopedic surgery and other disease management interventions. There is a lack of information available to support these patients as most physicians may only see one or two skeletal dysplasia patients in their ...
“It is an inherited condition that causes the hip socket not to form correctly. This can lead to painful lameness and early-onset arthritis in the affected joint,” Dr MacMillan explains.
Transient synovitis usually affects children between three and ten years old (but it has been reported in a 3-month-old infant and in some adults [3]). It is the most common cause of sudden hip pain and limp in young children. [4] [5] Boys are affected two to four times as often as girls. [5] [6] [7] The exact cause is unknown.