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Surgery is the primary management for breast cancer. Depending on staging and biologic characteristics of the tumor, surgery can be a lumpectomy (removal of the lump only), a mastectomy, or a modified radical mastectomy. Lymph nodes are often included in the scope of breast tumor removal.
Radical mastectomy is a surgical procedure that treats breast cancer by removing the breast and its underlying chest muscle (including pectoralis major and pectoralis minor), and lymph nodes of the axilla (armpit). Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women.
Radical mastectomy (or "Halsted mastectomy"): First performed in 1882, this procedure involves removing the entire breast, the axillary lymph nodes, and the pectoralis major and minor muscles behind the breast. This procedure is more disfiguring than a modified radical mastectomy and provides no survival benefit for most tumors.
Free-flap breast reconstruction is a type of autologous-tissue breast reconstruction applied after mastectomy for breast cancer, without the emplacement of a breast implant prosthesis. As a type of plastic surgery, the free-flap procedure for breast reconstruction employs tissues, harvested from another part of the woman's body, to create a ...
In general, conservative surgery, modified radical mastectomy, and radical mastectomy have been the most frequent procedures in adults while simple mastectomy, local excision with sentinel lymph node biopsy, and complete axillary dissection have been recommended as adequate treatment for children with MSC. [15]
Dr. Umberto Veronesi, an Italian oncologist, challenged this notion and led a clinical trial comparing the radical mastectomy with breast-conserving surgery (which was termed quadrantectomy at the time). This landmark trial showed no differences in overall survival, disease-free survival, and local recurrence for patients with breast cancer of ...
Banks was born in Edinburgh, the son of Ann Williamson and Peter Spalding Banks. [1] He received his MD in 1864 at the University of Edinburgh. [6] He took up a post at the Infirmary School of Medicine, Liverpool, and was surgeon of the Liverpool Royal Infirmary from 1877 to 1902, when he resigned and was appointed Consulting Surgeon.
Breast-conserving surgery, a less radical cancer surgery than mastectomy; Lumpectomy; Mastectomy; Mastopexy, or breast lift surgery; Microdochectomy (removal of a lactiferous duct) [1] Surgery for breast abscess, including incision and drainage as well as excision of lactiferous ducts; Surgical breast biopsy