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A common shape today is the batwing or superturnstile antenna, used for television broadcasting in the VHF or UHF bands [8] The batwing shape of each element produces an antenna with wide impedance bandwidth. [1] Up to eight batwing antennas are usually stacked vertically and fed in phase to make a high gain omnidirectional antenna for TV ...
A high-gain antenna (HGA) is a directional antenna with a focused, narrow beam width, permitting more precise targeting of the radio signals. [1] Most commonly referred to during space missions , [ 2 ] these antennas are also in use all over Earth , most successfully in flat, open areas where there are no mountains to disrupt radiowaves.
Often random wire antennas are also (inaccurately) referred to as long-wire antennas.There is no accepted minimum size, but actual long-wire antennas must be greater than at least a quarter-wavelength ( 1 / 4 λ) or perhaps greater than a half ( 1 / 2 λ) at the frequency the long wire antenna is used for, and even a half-wave may only be considered "long-ish" rather than "truly ...
A directive antenna with moderate gain of about 8 dBi often used at UHF frequencies. Consists of a dipole mounted in front of two reflective metal screens joined at an angle, usually 90°. Used as a rooftop UHF television antenna and for point-to-point data links. Parabolic The most widely used high gain antenna at microwave frequencies and above.
The gain and input impedance of the antenna is dependent on the length of the whip element, compared to a wavelength, but also on the size and shape of the ground plane used (if any). A quarter wave vertical antenna working against a perfectly conducting, infinite ground will have a gain of 5.19 dBi and a radiation resistance of about 36.8 ohms.
The advantages of the Fresnel zone plate antenna are numerous. It is normally cheap to manufacture and install, easy to transport and package and can achieve high gain. Owing to its flat nature, the wind loading force of a Fresnel zone plate can be as little as 1/8 of that of conventional solid or wire-meshed reflectors of similar size.
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