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Icelandic (/ aɪ s ˈ l æ n d ɪ k / ⓘ eyess-LAN-dik; endonym: íslenska, pronounced [ˈistlɛnska] ⓘ) is a North Germanic language from the Indo-European language family spoken by about 314,000 people, the vast majority of whom live in Iceland, where it is the national language. [2]
Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. Find sources: "Languages of Iceland" – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR ( September 2014 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this message )
Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. Find sources: "Names of Iceland" – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR ( July 2017 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this message )
Iceland's stock market, the Iceland Stock Exchange (ISE), was established in 1985. [147] Iceland is ranked 27th in the 2012 Index of Economic Freedom, lower than in prior years but still among the freest in the world. [148] As of 2016, it ranks 29th in the World Economic Forum's Global Competitive Index, one place lower than in 2015. [149]
Icelandic grammar is the set of structural rules that describe the use of the Icelandic language.. Icelandic is a heavily inflected language.Icelandic nouns are assigned to one of three grammatical genders (masculine, feminine, or neuter), and are declined into four cases (nominative, accusative, dative, and genitive).
Among Iceland's dialects, this feature is the most common surviving deviation from the standard dialect. Furthermore, in Þingeyjarsýsla and northeast Iceland, the sequences mp nt nk lp lk ðk within a morpheme before a vowel may retain a voiced pronunciation of their first consonant and a postaspirated pronunciation of their second consonant ...
Icelandic is the only Germanic language to have conserved the word-initial consonant sequences hl, hr, hn , at least from a graphic point of view (their pronunciation is in part modified by the desonorization of the second consonantal element): Icelandic hljóð, hrafn, hneta, cf English loud, raven, nut, Swedish ljud, ramn (toponymic only ...
It is often the case in Icelandic that words for new concepts or ideas are composites of other words, veðurfræði (‘meteorology’), is derived from veður (‘weather’) and -fræði (‘studies’); or simply that old disused words are revived for new concepts. Like other Germanic languages, Icelandic words have a tendency to be ...