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Often, such speech can act as evidence for autism spectrum disorder (ASD) [3] or a thought disorder, [5] a common symptom in schizophrenia [6] or schizoid personality disorder. [7] To diagnose stilted speech, researchers have previously looked for the following characteristics: [8] speech conveying more information than necessary
The patient also exhibits a pattern of rhyming and associative clanging: clown to Halloween (presumably an associative clang) to down. This example highlights how the speaker was distracted by the sound or meaning of her own words, and led herself off the topic, sentence by sentence. In essence, it is a form of derailment driven by self ...
Clanging, a speech pattern that follows rhyming and other sound associations rather than meaning; Graphorrhea, a written version of word salad that is more rarely seen than logorrhea in people with schizophrenia [4] Logorrhea, a mental condition characterized by excessive talking (incoherent and compulsive)
Neurological conditions, such as autism spectrum disorder, and several psychiatric conditions, such as clinical depression and schizophrenia, are characterized by distinctive prosodic patterns. [3] Several studies found an atypical neural processing of expressive dysprosody in individuals diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder.
Some adults with right hemisphere brain damage may exhibit behavior that includes tangential speech. [4] Those who exhibit these behaviors may also have related symptoms such as seemingly inappropriate or self-centered social responses, and a deterioration in pragmatic abilities (including appropriate eye contact as well as topic maintenance).
Thought blocking is a neuropsychological symptom expressing a sudden and involuntary silence within a speech, and eventually an abrupt switch to another topic. [1] Persons undergoing thought blocking may utter incomprehensible speech; they may also repeat words involuntarily or make up new words.
The children of parents with schizophrenia made fewer superordinate responses and more complex responses than the control children. Though small, the findings were reliable, and suggest that the children of individuals with schizophrenia are more prone to the cognitive dysfunctions associated with cognitive slippage. [5]
Communication deviance (CD) occurs when a speaker fails to effectively communicate and convey meaning to their listeners with confusing speech patterns or illogical patterns. [1] These disturbances can range from vague linguistic references, contradictory statements to more encompassing non-verbal problems at the level of turn-taking .
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