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In mathematics, summation is the addition of a sequence of numbers, called addends or summands; the result is their sum or total.Beside numbers, other types of values can be summed as well: functions, vectors, matrices, polynomials and, in general, elements of any type of mathematical objects on which an operation denoted "+" is defined.
The numbers or the objects to be added in general addition are collectively referred to as the terms, [6] the addends [7] [8] [9] or the summands; [10] this terminology carries over to the summation of multiple terms. This is to be distinguished from factors, which are multiplied. Some authors call the first addend the augend.
In mathematics, a basic algebraic operation is any one of the common operations of elementary algebra, which include addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, raising to a whole number power, and taking roots (fractional power). [5] These operations may be performed on numbers, in which case they are often called arithmetic operations.
Arithmetic is the fundamental branch of mathematics that studies numbers and their operations. In particular, it deals with numerical calculations using the arithmetic operations of addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division. [1]
The number n is called the exponent and the expression is known formally as exponentiation of b by n or the exponential of n with base b.It is more commonly expressed as "the nth power of b", "b to the nth power" or "b to the power n".
For example, through the standard addition algorithm, the sum can be obtained by following three rules: a) line up the digits of each addend by place value, longer digit addends should go on top, b) each addend can be decomposed -- ones are added with ones, tens are added with tens, and so on, and c) if the sum of the digits of the current place value is ten or greater, then the number must be ...
An individual summand in a partition is called a part. The number of partitions of n is given by the partition function p(n). So p(4) = 5. The notation λ ⊢ n means that λ is a partition of n. Partitions can be graphically visualized with Young diagrams or Ferrers diagrams.
A calculation is a deliberate mathematical process that transforms one or more inputs into one or more outputs or results.The term is used in a variety of senses, from the very definite arithmetical calculation of using an algorithm, to the vague heuristics of calculating a strategy in a competition, or calculating the chance of a successful relationship between two people.