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At its highest it is 7 feet (2.1 m) above sea level. Coney Island was formerly an actual island, separated from greater Brooklyn by Coney Island Creek, and was the westernmost of the Outer Barrier islands. A large section of the creek was filled in the 1920s and 1930s, turning the island into a peninsula. [7]: 200
The Town of Gravesend encompassed 7,000 acres (2,800 ha) in southern Kings County, including the entire island of Coney Island, and was annexed by the City of Brooklyn in 1894. The modern-day neighborhood is part of Brooklyn Community Board 11 and Brooklyn Community Board 13. As of 2010, Gravesend had a population of 29,436. [1]
Manhattan Beach was the most upscale of the three major resort areas that developed at Coney Island shortly after the American Civil War; the other two areas were Brighton Beach and West Brighton. [3] African-American recruits at Manhattan Beach Coast Guard Training Station, ca. 1941 - ca. 1945
The neighborhood is named after a bay that separates mainland Brooklyn from the eastern portion of Coney Island & the Southern portion of Manhattan Beach & Brighton Beach which was originally one of the Outer Barrier islands but is now a peninsula. The mouth of the bay is about 1.0 mile (1.6 km) southwest of Marine Park
The Coney Island House, established in the early 19th century, was the first seaside resort on Coney Island. [48] Coney Island could be reached easily from Manhattan, while appearing to be relatively far away. As a result, Coney Island began attracting vacationers in the 1830s and 1840s, and numerous resorts were built. [49]
According to the United States Census report of 2010, Brighton Beach and Coney Island, combined, had 111,063 residents as of 2009. [41] In that year, the median age of the combined Brighton Beach and Coney Island area was 47.9 years, substantially higher than the median age in Brooklyn of 34.2 and in New York City as a whole at 36.0. [41]
Most of Coney Island's attractions, such as the Wonder Wheel, the New York Aquarium, and the Riegelmann Boardwalk, are located within the district, as is Calvert Vaux Park. The district overlaps with Brooklyn Community Boards 10, 11, 13, and 15, and with New York's 8th, 10th, and 11th congressional districts.
Gerritsen Beach is patrolled by the 61st Precinct of the NYPD, located at 2575 Coney Island Avenue. [7] The 61st Precinct ranked 5th safest out of 69 patrol areas for per-capita crime in 2010. [8] The 61st Precinct has a lower crime rate than in the 1990s, with crimes across all categories having decreased by 88.2% between 1990 and 2018.