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Here it appears that the Scribes and Pharisees induce John's disciples to bring a charge against Christ and his disciples from the common fasting they both practiced. The parallel verse in Luke 5:33 seems to indicate that although the disciples and Christ kept the normal Jewish fasts they did not go beyond to anything stricter.
There is no purpose in fasting as the messiah, Jesus, is already here and his coming is like a wedding celebration, at which people do not fast. [30] Jesus then says the bridegroom will be "taken from them" and then his disciples will fast "on that day", [31] or "on those days". [32]
Although it would appear from these verses that John the Baptist was uncertain about Jesus being the Messiah, the traditional understanding from many church fathers, as seen in the next section, is that John merely sent his disciples to Christ so that "they might learn from Himself that He was the very Messiah, or Christ, that when John was dead they might go to Him."
The calling of the disciples is a key episode in the life of Jesus in the New Testament. [2] [3] It appears in Matthew 4:18–22, Mark 1:16-20 and Luke 5:1–11 on the Sea of Galilee. John 1:35–51 reports the first encounter with two of the disciples a little earlier in the presence of John the Baptist.
John McEvilly postulates that the "sinners" referred to in Matthew the Apostle's house, were "either Jews who led loose, dissolute lives, regardless of the law of Moses, and lived after Gentile fashion, and possibly were excommunicated and cast out of the synagogue; or Pagans, who may have been stopping at Capharnaum".
Jesus in this verse assumes that his followers will continue to fast, just as they give alms and pray. [2] Although it is commented in Matthew 9 that Jesus and his disciples did not fast (Matthew 9:14), Jesus explains why fasting hasn't occurred during His ministry but will continue after (Matthew 9:14). [2]
Chrysostom: "Sufficient had been now done for John’s disciples; they returned certified concerning Christ by the wonderful works which they had seen. But it behoved that the multitude also should be corrected, which had conceived many things amiss from the question of John’s disciples, not knowing the purpose of John in sending them.
Pharisees: "Teacher, rebuke your disciples!" Jesus: "If they keep quiet, the stones will cry out." Jesus wept and predicted the destruction of Jerusalem. John 12:16–19. The disciples did not understand why Jesus was welcomed with these words, but remembered after his death, concluding this was a prophecy that had been fulfilled.