Search results
Results from the WOW.Com Content Network
The effect of caffeine on short-term memory (STM) is debated amongst academics. Studies conclude that caffeine intake improves the performance of short-term and working memory, specifically associating caffeine intake with a shortened reaction time. [1]
The health effects of coffee include various possible health benefits and health risks. [ 1 ] A 2017 umbrella review of meta-analyses found that drinking coffee is generally safe within usual levels of intake and is more likely to improve health outcomes than to cause harm at doses of 3 or 4 cups of coffee daily.
Caffeine can cause a physical dependence, if consumed in excessive amounts. [3] The need for caffeine can be identified when individuals feel headaches, fatigue and muscle pain 24 hours after their last energy drink. [4] Some commercially distributed drinks contain guarana, a South American berry with a caffeine content about twice that of ...
Patricca explains the optimum amount of caffeine is 3-6 milligrams per kilogram of body weight. Converting this, a 130-pound woman would need 177mg to reach that performance increase of 2-4%.
College students often drink coffee as their source of caffeine. 2-4 cups of coffee at night can increase the time it takes to fall asleep to nearly twice the normal amount. The average time takes to fall asleep is roughly 6.3 minutes, but with caffeine this time is increased to 12.1 minutes. [24]
The therapeutic dose of theophylline, however, is many times greater than the levels attained from caffeine metabolism. [46] 1,3,7-Trimethyluric acid is a minor caffeine metabolite. [5] 7-Methylxanthine is also a metabolite of caffeine. [193] [194] Each of the above metabolites is further metabolized and then excreted in the urine.
According to the USDA National Nutrient Database, a 240-millilitre (8 US fl oz) cup of "coffee brewed from grounds" contains 95 mg caffeine, whereas an espresso (25 mL) contains 53 mg. [189] According to an article in the Journal of the American Dietetic Association, coffee has the following caffeine content, depending on how it is prepared: [186]
In 2008, stimulants, such as caffeine, were the most commonly used nootropic agent. [15] In 2016, the American Medical Association adopted a policy to discourage prescriptions of nootropics for healthy people, on the basis that the cognitive effects appear to be highly variable among individuals, are dose-dependent, and limited or modest at ...