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Hampton Hawes, jazz pianist, was born with six fingers on each hand (the extra fingers were surgically removed shortly after birth). [61] Henry II the Pious, High Duke of Poland 1238–1241, had six toes on his left foot. [62] A boy named Hong Hong born in Pingjiang County, Hunan province, China, has 31 fingers and toes. [63] [64]
Polysyndactyly is treated through surgical excision of the extra digit. The choice of which digit to remove affects post-operative outcomes; factors that must be considered when determining which digit to excise include the neurovascular bundles, angle differences, risks for impaired circulation, post-operative appearance, and residual deformities.
The main treatment is surgery to fix the abnormalities in the limbs, like syndactyly. It is less important to repair the feet surgically, as it can cause complications, and it is not aesthetically important compared to the hands. If there is polydactyly with an extra digit that is fully functional, then the digit can stay.
Surgery may be required at birth to fix imperforate anus and address endocrine abnormalities. Selective removal of extra digits may occur in early childhood. Parents and medical practitioners should monitor for signs of endocrine disruption in sleep, eating, or hormonal issues, such as precocious puberty caused by the hypothalamic hamartoma.
Merging of a joint involves removing the joint and surgically "fusing" the joint's end so that the two bones effectively form one solid bone. This surgery stops all movement at that joint and therefore eliminates the pain. [1] The benefit of fusion is pain relief and the downside is elimination of motion at the fused joint, which can hinder ...
One critique of using skin grafts is that the grafts darken in the years after surgery and become more noticeable. Also, if the skin grafts are harvested from the groin area, the skin may grow hair. Finally, the fingers may deviate after surgery. This is most commonly seen in complex syndactyly (when there has been a bone joining of the fingers).
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However, an extra advantage of the surgery is the improvement in appearance of the thumb. In the past, surgical treatment of the triphalangeal thumb was not indicated, [ 11 ] but now it is generally agreed that operative treatment improves function and appearance.