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Acute bronchiolitis is caused by a viral infection, usually affecting children younger than two years of age. [5] Symptoms may include fever , cough, runny nose or rhinorrhea , and wheezing . [ 1 ]
Bronchiolitis obliterans (BO), also known as obliterative bronchiolitis, constrictive bronchiolitis and popcorn lung, is a disease that results in obstruction of the smallest airways of the lungs (bronchioles) due to inflammation. [1] [6] Symptoms include a dry cough, shortness of breath, wheezing and feeling tired. [1]
Diffuse panbronchiolitis (DPB) is an inflammatory lung disease of unknown cause. It is a severe, progressive form of bronchiolitis, an inflammatory condition of the bronchioles (small air passages in the lungs).
Cryptogenic organizing pneumonia (COP), formerly known as bronchiolitis obliterans organizing pneumonia (BOOP), is an inflammation of the bronchioles (bronchiolitis) and surrounding tissue in the lungs. [2] [3] It is a form of idiopathic interstitial pneumonia. [4]
Respiratory bronchiolitis is a lung disease associated with tobacco smoking. [1] In pathology, it is defined by the presence of " smoker's macrophages ". [ 1 ] When manifesting significant clinical symptoms it is referred to as respiratory bronchiolitis interstitial lung disease (RB-ILD).
Other causes of similar symptoms include asthma, pneumonia, bronchiolitis, bronchiectasis, and COPD. [2] [4] A chest X-ray may be useful to detect pneumonia. [4] Another common sign of bronchitis is a cough lasting ten days to three weeks. If the cough lasts longer than a month, it may become chronic bronchitis. In addition, a fever may be present.
The bronchioles (/ ˈ b r ɑː ŋ k i oʊ l s / BRONG-kee-ohls) are the smaller branches of the bronchial airways in the lower respiratory tract.They include the terminal bronchioles, and finally the respiratory bronchioles that mark the start of the respiratory zone delivering air to the gas exchanging units of the alveoli.
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a type of progressive lung disease characterized by chronic respiratory symptoms and airflow limitation. [8] GOLD 2024 defined COPD as a heterogeneous lung condition characterized by chronic respiratory symptoms (dyspnea or shortness of breath, cough, sputum production or exacerbations) due to abnormalities of the airways (bronchitis ...