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Compared to warfarin it has fewer interactions with other medications. [12] It is a direct factor Xa inhibitor. [8] In 2007, Pfizer and Bristol-Myers Squibb began the development of apixaban as an anticoagulant. [13] Apixaban was approved for medical use in the European Union in May 2011, and in the United States in December 2012.
Side effects may include bleeding, most commonly from the nose, gastrointestinal tract (GI) or genitourinary system. [2] Compared to the risk of bleeding with warfarin use, direct factor Xa inhibitors have a higher risk of GI bleeding, but lower risk of bleeding in the brain . [ 2 ]
The p-methoxy group of apixaban connects to S1 pocket of FXa but does not appear to have any interaction with any residues in this region of FXa. The pyrazole N-2 nitrogen atom of apixaban interacts with Gln-192 and the carbonyl oxygen interacts with Gly-216. The phenyl lactam group of apixaban is positioned between Tyr-99 and Phe-174 and due ...
U.S. FDA Approves ELIQUIS ® (apixaban) to Reduce the Risk of Stroke and Systemic Embolism in Patients with Nonvalvular Atrial Fibrillation ELIQUIS Demonstrated Superior Risk Reductions Versus ...
ELIQUIS ® (apixaban) Approved In Japan For The Prevention Of Stroke And Systemic Embolism In Patients With Nonvalvular Atrial Fibrillation PRINCETON, N.J. & NEW YORK--(BUSINESS WIRE)-- Bristol ...
Andexanet alfa, sold under the brand name Andexxa among others, is an antidote for the medications rivaroxaban and apixaban, when reversal of anticoagulation is needed due to uncontrolled bleeding. [8] It has not been found to be useful for other factor Xa inhibitors. [9] It is given by injection into a vein. [9]
Due to reported severe adverse effects of ticlopidine second and third-thienopyridines, clopidogrel and prasugrel, were developed. [5] When ticlopidine and clopidogrel were first brought to the market, ticlodipine in 1978 and clopidogrel in 1998, the mechanism of action of these two major antithrombotic drugs was not fully understood.
An image showing mechanism of action of antibiotics: Side effects [44] [47] For all antibiotics Disturbance of gastrointestinal system (e.g. diarrhea and nausea) due to the effect on gut microflora. Amoxicillin / clavulanic acid [44] [50] Allergic reactions if allergic to penicillin; Macrolides [47] Skin rashes; Eosinophilia; Tetracyclines [47 ...
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