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For example, in a recipe that calls for 10 pounds of flour and 5 pounds of water, the corresponding baker's percentages are 100% for the flour and 50% for the water. Because these percentages are stated with respect to the weight of flour rather than with respect to the weight of all ingredients, the sum of these percentages always exceeds 100%.
The system can be traced back to the measuring systems of the Hindus [18]: B-9 and the ancient Egyptians, who subdivided the hekat (about 4.8 litres) into parts of 1 ⁄ 2, 1 ⁄ 4, 1 ⁄ 8, 1 ⁄ 16, 1 ⁄ 32, and 1 ⁄ 64 (1 ro, or mouthful, or about 14.5 ml), [19] and the hin similarly down to 1 ⁄ 32 (1 ro) using hieratic notation, [20] as ...
As a unit of Apothecary measure, the dessert-spoon was an unofficial but widely used unit of fluid measure equal to two fluid drams, or 1 / 4 fluid ounce. [4] However, even when approximated, its use was discouraged: "Inasmuch as spoons vary greatly in capacity, and from their form are unfit for use in the dosage of medicine, it is ...
1 Australian metric tablespoon = 20 ml = 1 1 / 3 international metric tablespoons = 2 metric dessert spoons, 1 metric dessert spoon = 10 ml each = 4 metric teaspoons, 1 metric teaspoon = 5 ml each ≈ 5·63 British imperial fluid drachms ≈ 0·7 British imperial fluid ounce ≈ 1·41 UK tablespoons ≈ 2·82 UK dessert spoons
Milk equivalent is a measure of the quantity of fluid milk used in a processed dairy product. Measured on a milkfat basis, it takes about 21.8 pounds of farm milk to make a pound of butter, and about 9.2 pounds to make a pound of American cheese .
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Butter remains a firm solid when refrigerated but softens to a spreadable consistency at room temperature and melts to a thin liquid consistency at 32 to 35 °C (90 to 95 °F). The density of butter is 911 g/L (15 + 1 ⁄ 4 oz/US pt). [3] It generally has a pale yellow color but varies from deep yellow to nearly white.
Grade A, made from fresh cream, has a stronger flavor than grade AA butter. [1] Butter of this grade must score 92 points. [5] It is likely to be of a coarser texture than grade AA. Like grade AA, it is widely available at food markets across the country. [1] Grade B butter is the lowest grade of butter available for consumer use. It is often ...