Search results
Results from the WOW.Com Content Network
Coastal defence weapons throughout history were heavy naval guns or weapons based on them, often supplemented by lighter weapons. In the late 19th century separate batteries of coastal artillery replaced forts in some countries; in some areas these became widely separated geographically through the mid-20th century as weapon ranges increased.
Winter v. Natural Resources Defense Council, 555 U.S. 7 (2008), was a decision by the United States Supreme Court concerning whether federal law restricted the United States Navy's ability to use sonar during drills given the possibility of a harmful effect on marine mammals such as whales.
Deactivated as coastal fort: Year the fort was disarmed (periods of caretaker status are not noted). Deactivated as military post: Year the fort site was abandoned by the Armed Forces. For new construction in World War II, locations with 6-inch guns are included only where they were the primary defenses in the area.
By 1900, however, developments in guns and armour had made most of the Device Forts that remained in service simply too small to be practical in modern coastal defence. [12] Despite being brought back into use during the Second World War, by the 1950s those fortifications still in use were considered redundant and finally decommissioned. [13]
Case history; Prior: Natural Res. Def. Council, Inc. v. U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Comm'n, 547 F.2d 633 (D.C. Cir. 1976); cert. granted, 429 U.S. 1090 (1977).: Holding; While federal agencies are free to grant additional procedural rights in the exercise of their discretion, reviewing courts are generally not free to impose them if the agencies have not chosen to grant them.
When the United States gained independence in 1783, the seacoast defense fortifications were in poor condition. Concerned by the outbreak of war in Europe in 1793, the Congress created a combined unit of "Artillerists and Engineers" to design, build, and garrison forts in 1794, appointed a committee to study coast defense needs, and appropriated money to construct a number of fortifications ...
Coastal defence (Commonwealth) or Coastal defense (US) may refer to: Coastal management , the protection of the coast from the action of wind, wave and tide Coastal defence and fortification , the protection of the coast against military or naval attack
The Device Forts, also known as Henrician castles and blockhouses, were a series of artillery fortifications built to defend the coast of England and Wales by Henry VIII. [a] Traditionally, the Crown had left coastal defences in the hands of local lords and communities but the threat of French and Spanish invasion led the King to issue an order, called a "device", for a major programme of work ...