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Neonatal jaundice is a yellowish discoloration of the white part of the eyes and skin in a newborn baby due to high bilirubin levels. [1] Other symptoms may include excess sleepiness or poor feeding. [ 1 ]
Jaundice in infants, as in adults, is characterized by increased bilirubin levels (infants: total serum bilirubin greater than 5 mg/dL). Normal physiological neonatal jaundice is due to immaturity of liver enzymes involved in bilirubin metabolism, immature gut microbiota, and increased breakdown of fetal hemoglobin (HbF). [ 54 ]
Physiologic jaundice can be a benign condition that presents in newborns until two weeks of life. [2] However, jaundice that continues after two weeks requires follow up with measurement of total and conjugated bilirubin. [3] Elevated levels of conjugated bilirubin are never benign and require further evaluation for neonatal cholestasis. [3]
[citation needed] Diagnosis is usually made by investigation of a newborn baby who has developed jaundice during the first week of life. Testing. Coombs - after birth, the newborn will have a direct Coombs test run to confirm antibodies attached to the infant's red blood cells. This test is run from cord blood. [5]
The infant with neonatal hepatitis usually has jaundice that appears at one to two months of age, is not gaining weight and growing normally, and has an enlarged liver and spleen. Infants with this condition are usually jaundiced. Jaundice that is caused by neonatal hepatitis is not the same as physiologic neonatal jaundice. In contrast with ...
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Infants born with congenital hypothyroidism may show no effects, or may display mild effects that often go unrecognized as a problem. Significant deficiency may cause excessive sleeping, reduced interest in nursing, poor muscle tone, low or hoarse cry, infrequent bowel movements, significant jaundice, and low body temperature. [citation needed]
Jaundice occurs when blood contains an excess amount of bilirubin. “For most babies this is not a big deal, it clears out,” Tiffany Green, an associate professor in the obstetrics and ...