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The Supreme Court of India was constituted as per Chapter IV of Part V of the Constitution of India. The fourth Chapter of the Indian Constitution is " The Union Judiciary". Under this Chapter, the Supreme Court of India is vested with all Jurisdiction. As per Article 124, The Supreme Court of India had been Constituted and Established.
Supreme Court building with the sculpture in the foreground. The Supreme Court is the highest court established by the Constitution. The Constitution states that the Supreme Court is a federal court, guardian of the Constitution, and the highest court of appeal. Articles 124 to 147 of the Constitution lay down the court's composition and ...
Supreme Court Advocates-on Record Association vs Union of India – 1993 [3] In re Special Reference 1 of 1998 [4] Over the course of the three cases, the court evolved the principle of judicial independence to mean that no other branch of the state, – including the legislature and the executive, – would have any say in the appointment of ...
Union of India & Another Building of the Supreme Court of India. In 2017, the supreme court heard arguments for fifteen days, beginning on 2 November 2017 and finishing on 5 December 2017. [59] [60] [61] On 6 December 2017, the court reserved its verdict on the matter. [59] [62]
The Forty-second Amendment widened Article 31C and added Articles 368(4) and 368(5), stating that any law passed by Parliament could not be challenged in court. The Supreme Court ruled in Minerva Mills v. Union of India that judicial review is a basic characteristic of the constitution, overturning Articles 368(4), 368(5) and 31C. [75]
The Supreme Court of Judicature at Fort William in Calcutta, was founded in 1774 by the Regulating Act 1773.It replaced the Mayor's Court of Calcutta and was British India's highest court from 1774 until 1862, when the High Court of Calcutta was established by the Indian High Courts Act 1861.
In India, landmark court decisions come most frequently from the Supreme Court of India, which is the highest judicial body in India. High courts of India may also make such decisions, particularly if the Supreme Court chooses not to review the case or if it adopts the holding of the lower court.
The government of Indira Gandhi did not take kindly to this restriction on its powers by the court. On 26 April 1973, Justice Ajit Nath Ray, who was among the dissenters, was promoted to Chief Justice of India superseding three senior Judges, Shelat, Grover and Hegde, which was unprecedented in Indian legal history. [19]