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  2. Ground loop (aviation) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ground_loop_(aviation)

    A Focke-Wulf Fw 190 A-8 replica in a ground loop caused by a failure of the right-hand wheel brake. The right main undercarriage is collapsing. In aviation, a ground loop is a rapid rotation of a fixed-wing aircraft in the horizontal plane while on the ground.

  3. Lofting coordinates - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lofting_coordinates

    Two points on a fuselage at waterline 100/fuselage station 93 and waterline 101/fuselage station 276. Lofting coordinates are used for aircraft body measurements. The system derives from the one that was used in the shipbuilding lofting process, with longitudinal axis labeled as "stations" (usually fuselage stations, frame stations, FS), transverse axis as "buttocks lines" (or butt lines, BL ...

  4. Ground loop (electricity) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ground_loop_(electricity)

    The ground potential at different outlets may differ by as much as 10 to 20 volts [4] due to voltage drops from these currents. The diagram shows leakage current from an appliance such as an electric motor A flowing through the building's ground system G to the neutral wire at the utility ground bonding point at the service panel.

  5. Ground proximity warning system - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ground_proximity_warning...

    A ground proximity warning system (GPWS) is a system designed to alert pilots if their aircraft is in immediate danger of flying into the ground or an obstacle. The United States Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) defines GPWS as a type of terrain awareness and warning system (TAWS). [ 1 ]

  6. Axes conventions - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Axes_conventions

    In case of land vehicles like cars, tanks etc., which use the ENU-system (East-North-Up) as external reference (World frame), the vehicle's (body's) positive y- or pitch axis always points to its left, and the positive z- or yaw axis always points up. World frame's origin is fixed at the center of gravity of the vehicle.

  7. Center of gravity of an aircraft - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Center_of_gravity_of_an...

    The move compromised the aircraft's balance to the point that control of the aircraft was lost. [6] In July 2013, a de Havilland Canada DHC-3 Otter departed Soldotna, Alaska, stalled after rotation and crashed 2,300 ft (700 m) away from its brake-release point as it was overloaded by 418 lb (190 kg) and its CG was well aft of the rear limit ...

  8. Airfield traffic pattern - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Airfield_traffic_pattern

    Commercial aircraft on hold will generally fly slow, racetrack-shaped patterns which differ considerably from the airfield traffic pattern that will be commenced once the approval has been given to land. Although an aircraft in a holding pattern may similarly circle the airport, ATC may designate a distant location in which to circle.

  9. Wind triangle - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wind_triangle

    In a vector diagram such as the wind triangle, wind direction must be stated as the direction the wind is blowing to, or 180 degrees different from the convention. The ground vector represents the motion of the aircraft over the ground. It is described by ground track and ground speed. The ground vector is the resultant of algebraically adding ...