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In oncology, polycythemia vera (PV) is an uncommon myeloproliferative neoplasm in which the bone marrow makes too many red blood cells. [1] The majority of cases [2] are caused by mutations in the JAK2 gene, most commonly resulting in a single amino acid change in its protein product from valine to phenylalanine at position 617.
Female: 78 [15] 101 [15] fL Red blood cell distribution width (RDW) 11.5 [15] 14.5 [15] % Mean cell hemoglobin (MCH) 0.39 [14] 0.54 [14] fmol/cell: 25, [14] 27 [5] [23] 32, [23] 33, [5] 35 [14] pg/cell Mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) 4.8, [140] 5.0 [140] 5.4, [140] 5.6 [140] mmol/L: 31, [15] 32 [5] [23] 35, [15] 36 [5] [23] g ...
RDW-SD is calculated as the width (in fL) of the RBC size distribution histogram at the 20% height level. This parameter is, therefore, not influenced by the average RBC size (mean corpuscular volume, MCV). [7] RDW-CV (expressed in %) is calculated with the following formula: RDW-CV = (1 standard deviation of RBC volume ÷ MCV) × 100%. [8]
Hemoglobin in the blood carries oxygen from the respiratory organs (lungs or gills) to the other tissues of the body, where it releases the oxygen to enable aerobic respiration which powers an animal's metabolism. A healthy human has 12 to 20 grams of hemoglobin in every 100 mL of blood. Hemoglobin is a metalloprotein, a chromoprotein, and ...
In babies, neurological symptoms can occur from malnutrition or pernicious anemia in the mother. These include poor growth, apathy, having no desire for food, and developmental regression. While most symptoms resolve with supplementation, some developmental and cognitive problems may persist. [37] Diagnosing Vitamin B12 Deficiency and Cancer [38]
The high levels of testosterone in males are why hematocrit and hemoglobin levels are higher in men than in women. [125] Due to stimulation of erythropoiesis, anabolic–androgenic steroids (AAS) such as oxymetholone and nandrolone decanoate are effective for and used in the treatment of severe anemia (very low hematocrit).
It affects women more than men due to the sharp fall in estrogen production that follows menopause. [193] Globally, it is estimated that 21.2% of women and 6.3% of men over the age of 50 have osteoporosis, corresponding to a total of around 500 million people worldwide. [194] About 15% of Caucasians in their 50s and 70% of those over 80 are ...
The hallmark feature of ME/CFS is a worsening of symptoms after exertion, known as post-exertional malaise or post-exertional symptom exacerbation. [6] PEM involves increased fatigue and is disabling. It can also include flu-like symptoms, pain, cognitive difficulties, gastrointestinal issues, nausea, and sleep problems. [10]: 6