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The strong birthday problem asks for the number of people that need to be gathered together before there is a 50% chance that everyone in the gathering shares their birthday with at least one other person. For d=365 days the answer is 3,064 people.
Cheryl's Birthday" is a logic puzzle, specifically a knowledge puzzle. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] The objective is to determine the birthday of a girl named Cheryl using a handful of clues given to her friends Albert and Bernard.
The birthday problem asks, for a set of n randomly chosen people, what is the probability that some pair of them will have the same birthday? The problem itself is mainly concerned with counterintuitive probabilities, but we can also tell by the pigeonhole principle that among 367 people, there is at least one pair of people who share the same ...
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The birthday problem for such non-constant birthday probabilities was tackled in [Klamkin 1967]. What are the results presented in this paper? In particular, it is reasonable that for non-constant birthday probabilities, the proability of two birthdays on the same date is higher than in the case of constant probabilities.
English: In probability theory, the birthday paradox concerns the probability that, in a set of n randomly chosen people, some pair of them will have the same birthday. By the pigeonhole principle, the probability reaches 100% when the number of people reaches 367 (since there are 366 possible birthdays, including February 29).
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A birthday attack is a bruteforce collision attack that exploits the mathematics behind the birthday problem in probability theory. This attack can be used to abuse communication between two or more parties. The attack depends on the higher likelihood of collisions found between random attack attempts and a fixed degree of permutations ...