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There are no specific tests for the diagnosis of PLS. Therefore, the diagnosis occurs as the result of eliminating other possible causes of the symptoms and by an extended observation period. [10] Like ALS, diagnosing PLS is a diagnosis of exclusion, as there is no one test that can confirm a diagnosis of PLS.
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a neurodegenerative disease that typically affects adults around 54–67 [1] years of age, although anyone can be diagnosed with the disease. People diagnosed with ALS live on average 2–4 years after diagnosis due to the quick progression of the disease.
ALS is the most common form of the motor neuron diseases. [8] ALS often presents in its early stages with gradual muscle stiffness, twitches, weakness, and wasting. [3] Motor neuron loss typically continues until the abilities to eat, speak, move, and, lastly, breathe are all lost. [3]
Familial ALS is the most studied; however, a new technique that was recently introduced is the use of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC). [2] In this study the researcher can isolate skin fibroblast from a patient with familial or sporadic ALS and reprogram them into motor neuron to study ALS. [ 2 ]
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Some people have both ALS and frontotemporal dementia (FTD–ALS). The four main genes associated with FTD–ALS are C9orf72, CHCHD10, SQSTM1, and TBK1. [8] C9orf72 repeat expansions explain about 40% of familial ALS and 25% of familial FTD; thus, C9orf72 provides a genetic explanation for most of the overlap between the two diseases. [6]
Humans trod the landscape of North America thousands of years earlier than previously thought, according to new research that confirms the antiquity of fossilized footprints at White Sands ...
Confirmatory tests are the tests required to confirm the analysis. Confirmatory tests cost more than simpler presumptive tests so presumptive tests are often done to see if confirmatory tests are necessary. Similarly, in medicine, a presumptive diagnosis identifies the likely condition of a patient, and a confirmatory diagnosis is needed to ...
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