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Calendering of textiles is a finishing process used to smooth, coat, or thin a material. With textiles, fabric is passed between calender rollers at high temperatures and pressures. Calendering is used on fabrics such as moire to produce its watered effect and also on cambric and some types of sateens.
Decatising or decatizing, also known as crabbing, blowing, and decating, is the process of making permanent a textile finish on a cloth, so that it does not shrink during garment making. [1] [2] [3] The word comes from the French décatir, which means to remove the cati or finish of the wool.
Finishing is a broad range of physical and chemical treatments that complete one stage of textile manufacturing and may prepare for the next step, making the product more receptive to the next stage of manufacturing. Finishing adds value to the product and makes it more attractive, useful, and functional for the end-user.
Quilt block in reverse appliqué. In the context of sewing, an appliqué refers to a needlework technique in which patterns or representational scenes are created by the attachment of smaller pieces of fabric to a larger piece of contrasting colour or texture.
Scotswomen walking (fulling) woollen cloth, singing a waulking song, 1772 (engraving made by Thomas Pennant on one of his tours). Fulling, also known as tucking or walking (Scots: waukin, hence often spelt waulking in Scottish English), is a step in woollen clothmaking which involves the cleansing of woven cloth (particularly wool) to eliminate oils, dirt, and other impurities, and to make it ...
Singeing is a surface finishing procedure that is followed by mercerising, dyeing, printing, and other textile manufacturing steps. When Greige goods leave the loom, they may have a downy appearance with protruding fibers, which is undesirable for printed goods. The application takes place on loom goods or the yarn stage itself. [4]
The base cloth includes water proof material for umbrellas, velvet for tents, cotton, and threads. [6]Mythical and natural figures are used for the work, including peacocks, ducks, parrots, trees, elephants, creepers, flowers such as jasmine and lotus, the Sun, half-moon, and Rahu (a mythical demon who once swallowed up the sun).
Example of modern Hardanger embroidery work Hardanger embroidery sample, from a 1907 needlework magazine.. Hardanger embroidery or "Hardangersøm" is a form of embroidery traditionally worked with white thread on white even-weave linen or cloth, using counted thread and drawn thread work techniques.