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Born in Iowa, Allen studied medicine in California and obtained a fellowship at Harvard University to work on sugar consumption. He soon became obsessed with diabetes. In 1913, he privately printed a 1179-page book on diabetes that described hundreds of animal experiments and featured a 1200-item bibliography.
The word "diabetes" is first recorded in English, in the form diabete, in a medical text written around 1425. The word mellitus (/ m ə ˈ l aɪ t ə s / or / ˈ m ɛ l ɪ t ə s /) comes from the classical Latin word mellītus, meaning "mellite" [177] (i.e. sweetened with honey; [177] honey-sweet [178]).
Ketosis is a metabolic state characterized by elevated levels of ketone bodies in the blood or urine. Physiological ketosis is a normal response to low glucose availability. . In physiological ketosis, ketones in the blood are elevated above baseline levels, but the body's acid–base homeostasis is maintain
Metabolic abnormalities such as diabetes, renal glycosuria, or glycogen storage disease. Dietary conditions such as starvation, fasting, low-carbohydrate diets, prolonged vomiting, and anorexia including caused by hyperemesis gravidarum. Conditions in which metabolism is increased, such as hyperthyroidism, fever, pregnancy or lactation.
Rhazes (c. 865 –925), or Muhammad ibn Zakariya al-Razi, included writings about diabetes in the more than 230 books he produced in his lifetime. [33] Avicenna (980–1037), or Ibn Sina, was a court physician to the caliphs of Baghdad and a key figure in medicine who compiled an exhaustive medical encyclopedia titled The Canon of Medicine.
The medieval practice of self-starvation by women, including some young women, in the name of religious piety and purity also concerns anorexia nervosa; it is sometimes referred to as anorexia mirabilis. [240] [241] The earliest medical descriptions of anorexic illnesses are generally credited to English physician Richard Morton in 1689. [239]
Famine relief is an organized effort to reduce starvation in a region in which there is famine. A famine is a phenomenon in which a large proportion of the population of a region or country are so undernourished that death by starvation becomes increasingly common.
The gender of the Greek word limos can be either masculine or feminine. [4] The same gender uncertainty applied also to the personification, which could be considered as either a man or a woman. At Byzantium there was a statue of Limos as a man, while there was a painting of Limos as a woman at Sparta .