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Brazil was the last country in the Americas to abolish slavery, on 13 May 1888.
The legal end of slavery in Brazil did little to change the lives of many Afro-Brazilians. Brazil’s abolitionist movement was timid and removed, in part because it was an urban movement at a time when most slaves worked on rural properties.
Calls for the abolition of slavery in Brazil started in the early nineteenth century. As early as 1825, José Bonifácio Andrada e Silva, a leading figure in engineering Brazil’s independence from the Portuguese, wrote in favor of gradual emancipation.
Brazil was the last country in the Western Hemisphere to abolish slavery, in 1888. Valongo Wharf in Rio, which UNESCO calls “the most important physical trace of the arrival of African slaves on the American continent,” was only excavated in 2011.
Article 1: From this date, slavery is declared abolished in Brazil. Article 2: All dispositions to the contrary are revoked. The new cabinet appointed by Princess Isabel passed the new bill in seven days, carrying it through on a wave of popular support.
In the last years of slavery in Brazil, the abolitionist campaign adopted the slogan "Abolition without compensation". From abroad, especially from Europe, there were appeals and manifestos favorable to the end of slavery.
Slavery ended in Brazil in 1888, and the photos also reveal a tricky and difficult moment for slave owners in Brazil, says Maria Helena Machado, a historian who also contributed to the...
Brazil was the last Western country to abolish slavery, which it did in 1888. As a colonial institution, slavery was present in all regions and in almost all free and freed strata of the population.
Almost immediately after their defeat in 1865, as many as four thousand ex-Confederates, or Confederados, moved to Brazil, where the institution of slavery was still legal. For others, the end of slavery’s legal basis in the United States provided an opportunity to endorse anti-slavery opinions without fear of reprisal.
A careful examination of Brazilian society in the 1880s reveals not only that abolition was a controversial issue, but that violence and the threat of violence were important ingredients in the successful effort to end slavery.