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In statistics, a moving average (rolling average or running average or moving mean [1] or rolling mean) is a calculation to analyze data points by creating a series of averages of different selections of the full data set. Variations include: simple, cumulative, or weighted forms. Mathematically, a moving average is a type of convolution.
Exponential smoothing or exponential moving average (EMA) is a rule of thumb technique for smoothing time series data using the exponential window function. Whereas in the simple moving average the past observations are weighted equally, exponential functions are used to assign exponentially decreasing weights over time. It is an easily learned ...
The simple moving average (SMA) is a literal average of prices over time. Taking the example of a 200-day simple moving average, you would add up the closing price of the stock over the past 200 ...
When a boxcar function is selected as the impulse response of a filter, the result is a simple moving average filter, whose frequency response is a sinc-in-frequency, a type of low-pass filter. See also
The simple moving average corresponds to convolution with the constant B-spline (a rectangular pulse). For example, four iterations of a moving average yield a cubic B-spline as a filter window, which approximates the Gaussian quite well. A moving average is quite cheap to compute, so levels can be cascaded quite easily.
In time series analysis, the moving-average model (MA model), also known as moving-average process, is a common approach for modeling univariate time series. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] The moving-average model specifies that the output variable is cross-correlated with a non-identical to itself random-variable.
Momentum is the change in an N-day simple moving average (SMA) between yesterday and today, with a scale factor N+1, i.e. + = This is the slope or steepness of the SMA line, like a derivative. This relationship is not much discussed generally, but it's of interest in understanding the signals from the indicator.
UPGMA (unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean) is a simple agglomerative (bottom-up) hierarchical clustering method. It also has a weighted variant, WPGMA, and they are generally attributed to Sokal and Michener. [1]