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Natural gas burning on a gas stove Burning of natural gas coming out of the ground. Natural gas (also called fossil gas, methane gas, or simply gas) is a naturally occurring mixture of gaseous hydrocarbons consisting primarily of methane (95%) [1] in addition to various smaller amounts of other higher alkanes.
This is a list of countries by natural gas production based on statistics from The U.S Energy Information Administration (EIA). Natural Gas in this list means dry natural gas; which is used in homes and business for heating, cooling, cooking and electricity generation, it can also be compressed and used as a fuel. [1]
A natural-gas processing plant in Aderklaa, Austria. Natural-gas processing is a range of industrial processes designed to purify raw natural gas by removing contaminants such as solids, water, carbon dioxide (CO 2), hydrogen sulfide (H 2 S), mercury and higher molecular mass hydrocarbons to produce pipeline quality dry natural gas [1] for pipeline distribution and final use. [2]
Natural gas production 1973-2022 U.S. natural gas monthly production, imports, and exports Discovered shale gas deposits as of June 2016 Natural gas production by State Natural gas was the United States ' largest source of energy production in 2016, representing 33 percent of all energy produced in the country. [ 1 ]
Illustrating inputs and outputs of steam reforming of natural gas, a process to produce hydrogen and CO 2 greenhouse gas that may be captured with CCS. Steam reforming or steam methane reforming (SMR) is a method for producing syngas (hydrogen and carbon monoxide) by reaction of hydrocarbons with water. Commonly natural gas is the feedstock.
US natural gas production, imports, and exports Natural gas production by field. Dry natural gas was 36% of production in 2021, making it the largest source of energy in the US. [22] It is also the largest electricity source, making up 38% of generation. [14] Natural gas surpassed coal for production in 2011 and for generation in 2016.
Syngas is produced by steam reforming or partial oxidation of natural gas or liquid hydrocarbons, or coal gasification. [6] C + H 2 O → CO + H 2 [1] CO + H 2 O → CO 2 + H 2 [1] C + CO 2 → 2CO [1] Steam reforming of methane is an endothermic reaction requiring 206 kJ/mol of methane: CH 4 + H 2 O → CO + 3 H 2
Compressed natural gas (CNG) is a fuel gas mainly composed of methane (CH 4), compressed to less than 1% of the volume it occupies at standard atmospheric pressure.It is stored and distributed in hard containers at a pressure of 20–25 megapascals (2,900–3,600 psi; 200–250 bar), usually in cylindrical or spherical shapes.