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The social profit from a firm's activities is the accounting profit plus or minus any externalities or consumer surpluses that occur in its activity. An externality including positive externality and negative externality is an effect that production/consumption of a specific good exerts on people who are not involved.
In nuclear fusion research, the term break-even refers to a fusion energy gain factor equal to unity; this is also known as the Lawson criterion. The notion can also be found in more general phenomena, such as percolation. In energy, the break-even point is the point where usable energy gotten from a process equals the input energy.
Return on investment may be extended to terms other than financial gain. For example, social return on investment (SROI) is a principles-based method for measuring extra-financial value (i.e., environmental and social value not currently reflected in conventional financial accounts) relative to resources invested.
A net energy gain is achieved by expending less energy acquiring a source of energy than is contained in the source to be consumed. That is =. Factors to consider when calculating NEG is the type of energy, the way energy is used and acquired, and the methods used to store or transport the energy.
Profit maximization using the total revenue and total cost curves of a perfect competitor. To obtain the profit maximizing output quantity, we start by recognizing that profit is equal to total revenue minus total cost (). Given a table of costs and revenues at each quantity, we can either compute equations or plot the data directly on a graph.
Only in the short run can a firm in a perfectly competitive market make an economic profit. Economic profit does not occur in perfect competition in long run equilibrium; if it did, there would be an incentive for new firms to enter the industry, aided by a lack of barriers to entry until there was no longer any economic profit. [11]
For non-profit organizations, revenue may be referred to as gross receipts, support, contributions, etc. [5] This operating revenue can include donations from individuals and corporations, support from government agencies, income from activities related to the organization's mission, income from fundraising activities, and membership dues.
In economics, the profit motive is the motivation of firms that operate so as to maximize their profits.Mainstream microeconomic theory posits that the ultimate goal of a business is "to make money" - not in the sense of increasing the firm's stock of means of payment (which is usually kept to a necessary minimum because means of payment incur costs, i.e. interest or foregone yields), but in ...