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A diuretic (/ ˌ d aɪ j ʊ ˈ r ɛ t ɪ k /) is any substance that promotes diuresis, the increased production of urine. This includes forced diuresis. A diuretic tablet is sometimes colloquially called a water tablet. There are several categories of diuretics. All diuretics increase the excretion of water from the body, through the kidneys ...
Forced alkaline diuresis has been used to increase the excretion of acidic drugs like salicylates and phenobarbitone, and is recommended for rhabdomyolysis. [medical citation needed] For forced acid diuresis, ascorbic acid is sometimes used. Ammonium chloride has also been used for forced acid diuresis, but it is a toxic compound. [6]
Poisoning treatments use this effect to increase elimination, by alkalizing the urine causing forced diuresis which promotes excretion of a weak acid, rather than it getting reabsorbed. As the acid is ionised , it cannot pass through the plasma membrane back into the blood stream and instead gets excreted with the urine.
Pages in category "Diuretics" The following 51 pages are in this category, out of 51 total. This list may not reflect recent changes. ...
[1] [2] For thallium it may be used in addition to gastric lavage, activated charcoal, forced diuresis, and hemodialysis. [3] [4] It is given by mouth or nasogastric tube. [2] [4] Prussian blue is also used in the urine to test for G6PD deficiency. [5] Side effects may include constipation, low blood potassium, and stools that are dark.
The diuretic effect starts about an hour after administration, reaches its peak between the third and sixth hour, and lasts for nearly 24 hours. One third of the dose is glucuronidized , the rest is excreted directly through the kidney (1/3) and the faeces (2/3).
Mercurial diuretics cause diuresis by reducing the reabsorption of sodium in the ascending loop of Henle, thus causing more water being delivered to the distal convoluted tubule. Unfortunately, earlier physicians misconstrued hallmark symptoms of mercury poisoning such as excessive salivation as signs of mercury's efficacy until the early 1960s ...
Loop diuretics are 90% bonded to proteins and are secreted into the proximal convoluted tubule through organic anion transporter 1 (OAT-1), OAT-2, and ABCC4.Loop diuretics act on the Na +-K +-2Cl − symporter (NKCC2) in the thick ascending limb of the loop of Henle to inhibit sodium, chloride and potassium reabsorption.