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The labeling used on aid packages created and sent under the Marshall Plan. General George C. Marshall, the 50th U.S. Secretary of State. The Marshall Plan (officially the European Recovery Program, ERP) was an American initiative enacted in 1948 to provide foreign aid to Western Europe.
In Marshall's formulation of the doctrine, discovery of territory previously unknown to Europeans gave the discovering nation title to that territory against all other European nations, and this title could be perfected by possession. A number of legal scholars have criticized Marshall's interpretation of the relevant international law.
doctrine of implied powers Sturges v. Crowninshield: 17 U.S. 122 (1819) constitutionality of state bankruptcy laws: Trustees of Dartmouth College v. Woodward: 17 U.S. 518 (1819) impairment of contracts: Cohens v. Virginia: 19 U.S. 264 (1821) judicial review of state supreme court decisions Johnson v. McIntosh: 21 U.S. 543 (1823)
Marshall then discussed the role of the courts, which is at the heart of the doctrine of judicial review. It would be an "absurdity", said Marshall, to require the courts to apply a law that is void. Rather, it is the inherent duty of the courts to interpret and apply the Constitution, and to determine whether there is a conflict between a ...
Marshall's opinion lays down the foundations of the doctrine of aboriginal title in the United States, and the related doctrine of discovery. However, the vast majority of the opinion is dicta ; as valid title is a basic element of the cause of action for ejectment, the holding does not extend to the validity of McIntosh's title, much less the ...
If Marshall was suggesting that the power over interstate commerce is an exclusive federal power, the Dormant Commerce Clause doctrine eventually developed very differently: it treats regulation that does not discriminate against or unduly burden interstate commerce as a concurrent power, rather than an exclusive federal power, and it treats ...
Marshall later served on the Army staff, was the executive officer of the 15th Infantry Regiment in China and was an instructor at the Army War College. In 1927, he became assistant commandant of the Army's Infantry School, where he modernized command and staff processes, which proved to be of major benefit during World War II. [7]
Supreme Court of the United States Marshall Court Ellsworth Court ← → Taney Court Chief Justice John Marshall February 4, 1801 – July 6, 1835 (34 years, 152 days) Seat Old Supreme Court Chamber Washington, D.C. No. of positions 6 (1801-1807) 7 (1807-1835) Marshall Court decisions The Marshall Court refers to the Supreme Court of the United States from 1801 to 1835, when John Marshall ...