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The CSIRO predicts that the additional results in Australia of a temperature rise of between only 1 and 2 °C will be: [120] Southward spread of malaria receptive zones. Risk of dengue fever among Australians increases from 170,000 people to 0.75–1.6 million. 10% increase in diarrhoeal diseases among Aboriginal children in central Australia.
Contamination from mining operations by toxic materials including asbestos, is a major environmental problem in Australia. Stream pollution near mining operations in the Mount Lofty Ranges, South Australia. Australia is affected by significant contamination and pollution including soil and goundwater contamination as well as water and air ...
Australia has a wide variety of climates due to its large geographical size. The largest part of Australia is desert or semi-arid. Only the south-east and south-west corners have a temperate climate and moderately fertile soil. The northern part of the country has a tropical climate, varying between grasslands and desert. Australia holds many ...
Although most of Australia is semi-arid or desert, it covers a diverse range of habitats, from alpine heaths to tropical rainforests, and is recognised as a megadiverse country. Because of the great age and consequent low levels of fertility of the continent, its extremely variable weather patterns, and its long-term geographic isolation, much ...
Australian deserts generally meet the first three criteria, although some coastal desert areas exist in Western Australia. The great ocean circulation in the south of the continent and the cold sea currents in the southern zone play the fourth crucial role, indirectly at the origin of the long periods of continental drought by imposing high ...
During the 2010–2012 La Niña event, Australia experienced its second- and third-wettest years, since a record of the rainfall started to kept during 1900. It caused Australia to experience its wettest September on record in 2010, and its second-wettest year on record in 2010. [51] It also led to an unusual intensification of the Leeuwin Current.
Australia has the third-largest exclusive economic zone of 8,148,250 km 2 (3,146,060 sq mi). This EEZ does not include the Australian Antarctic Territory (an additional 5,896,500 km 2 (2,276,700 sq mi)). Australia has the largest area of ocean jurisdiction of any country on Earth. [5] It has no land borders.
Typical deserts are indicated by the hyper-arid category (light yellow). [1] Desertification is a type of gradual land degradation of fertile land into arid desert due to a combination of natural processes and human activities. The immediate cause of desertification is the loss of most vegetation.